Gauss (unit)

Gauss ( in the English-speaking Switzerland or under influence also Gaussian, unit symbol: Gs, G) is the unit of magnetic flux density B in the electromagnetic CGS system and in the Gaussian CGS system. It is named after Carl Friedrich Gauss.

The Gauss in Germany since 1970, no legal unit of measurement, but it is still mainly used in astrophysics. In the International System of Units ( SI ) is the unit of magnetic flux density, the Tesla, in SI units, it is in the EU and Switzerland, the legal unit.

In the Gaussian system of units and the electromagnetic CGS systems are, in contrast to the SI, magnetic flux density (B) and magnetic field strength ( H) of the same dimension, in a vacuum, they agree with each other, B = H. Therefore, the Gaussian is very often associated with the Gaussian CGS unit of magnetic field strength, the Oersted confused because both units are formally equal, each of the two CGS units can be represented as 1 cm-1/2g1/2s-1.

Parallel existed unity gamma ( unit symbol: γ ) with the following context:

The gamma corresponds to the nano- Tesla (nT = 10-9 T) and will, inter alia, in astrophysics and geomagnetic used because the magnetic anomalies in the interstellar space and on the Earth's surface in the range of 0.1 γ to a few thousand or nT lie.

Historical

In 1900 was established at the 5th International Electricity Congress in Paris " Gaussian " as the name of the electromagnetic CGS unit for magnetic field strength - see also Gaussian effect. However, due to a misunderstanding, the American delegates attended, " Gauss " was agreed as the name for the electromagnetic CGS unit of magnetic flux density. This ambiguity was adjusted in 1930 to the IEC meeting in Stockholm and Oslo for the American view. 1933 laid the IEC established at a meeting in Paris that one cm-1/2g1/2s-1 be called as electromagnetic CGS unit of magnetic field strength oersted.

The IEC has established in 1935 at a conference in Scheveningen, the unit symbol " G " for the Gauss.