Gavelkind

Real division ( historically ) or Realerbteilungsrecht means that the possession of a family, especially the land (formerly referred to as realities ), is equally divided among the heirs. This division takes place in any mode of inheritance, so that the number of small parcels increases with time. In contrast, the Anerbenrecht.

History

In noble families, the principle of division was real (as opposed to Fideikommiss ) widespread since the Middle Ages and led, among other things, on the territory of the Holy Roman Empire to the territorialisation ( critical: sectionalism ).

Nobles as rural real division was practiced in Germany about south of a line Aachen, Bonn, Marburg, Erfurt. In other areas of Germany either the eldest son ( primogeniture ) could take over the family owned, or only the youngest son inherited the farm ( Minorat ). There were also special forms: So the property was about in Hesse passed only undivided, if he had a certain size, such as > 5 ha in part have been preserved quaint excesses of equal division of inheritance, such as the physical division and the destruction of a Bible or a Springerle MODELS.

In agriculture, the continued real division led to a fragmentation of agricultural land into a number of fields, often in the form of narrow strips. This had to be handled very inefficient, was thus lost in a relatively high proportion of the usable area for border strip and access roads. From an ecological perspective, this led to the development of species-rich meadows while and rear biotopes, economically speaking, however, this condition is increasingly untenable. Therefore, land consolidation were carried out in the history again and again. Here, the land is arable land (partly also Forests) redistributed in a given area with the aim of smaller only to get a few contiguous plots of a total of at least equal value instead of many.

Courtyards order

The cause of the various solutions were the courts orders in agriculture, which have different rules to the content. They can also be set through contractual arrangements overridden by other agreements are made ​​among survivors in the context of anticipated succession.

Social consequences of the real division is exemplified Altwürttembergs

The real division in Württemberg had a large number of social consequences. The real division promoted a certain equality, because women and men were equally entitled to inherit and because a single child of poor parents could inherit more than one a wealthy from a family with many children.

The real division meant that the fields were soon too small to support a family, so there was in Württemberg early -time farmers who incidentally operated a craft. At the same time the inherited estate secured a minimum maintenance because you not only inherited a piece of land, but also a share in the parental home. However, often only single room in which whole families were huddled together.

As Württemberg became industrialized, the manufacturers were able to draw on a broad base of experienced small craftsmen who likes entered the factory, because the earning opportunities were better here. However, the manufacturers had to fight for a long time, however, that their workers in season rather did their field work.

On the other hand, the Württemberg workers felt a long time as members of the proletariat, but they were just too landowners. Therefore, the labor movement was here traditionally more moderate.

Comments

311272
de