George Sutherland
George Sutherland ( born March 25, 1862 in Buckinghamshire, England; † July 18, 1942 in Stockbridge, Massachusetts ) is an American politician ( Republican) and Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.
George Sutherland was still an infant when his parents left England with him in 1863 and emigrated to the United States. There they wanted to join the the Mormon church. The family settled in Springville in today's state of Utah, which at that time was still a territory.
1881 made Sutherland graduated from the Brigham Young Academy and later studied law at the success the University of Michigan Law School, was admitted to the Bar Association of Utah in 1883 and began practicing in Provo. In court, he made himself as a representative of the interests of railroad companies a name. From 1916 to 1917, he stood before the Bar Association American Bar Association.
For political office Sutherland ran for the first time in 1890, but he lost in the election for mayor of Provo. Also unsuccessful stayed for two years waiting to be his attempt to delegate to the Utah Territory in the U.S. House of Representatives. He received his first mandate in 1897 as a State Senator from Utah, where he stayed until 1901 when he then but moved into the House of Representatives in Washington. He belonged to the Congress during its 57th session until 1903 and did not occur again. The following year he was first elected to the U.S. Senate; after successful first re-election in 1916, he had to accept defeat and resigned the following year from the Congress of.
1922 finally George Sutherland was the successor of John Clarke Hessian Judge at the Supreme Court of the United States. He was one of four judges who were appointed during the presidency of Warren G. Harding in their office, and became known for his conservative views. So it was during the first years in office of U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt as one of the Four Horsemen called ( Four Horsemen ), which also James C. McReynolds, Pierce Butler and Willis Van Devanter included. These judges prevented numerous measures of Roosevelt's New Deal policies.
Counter McReynolds and Butler Sutherland but presented in one of the most important decisions of the Court during his tenure. In the case of Powell against Alabama precipitated cited by him in 1932 the majority of the judges decided that in the case of a capital crime the defendant has the right to receive adequate legal counsel. This was preceded by a process of raping two white women by nine African- American teenagers in Alabama, eight of whom had been sentenced to death.
On January 17, 1938 George Sutherland resigned as a member of the Supreme Court. He died four years thereafter.