Gerald E. Brown

Gerald Edward " Gerry " Brown ( born July 22, 1926 in Brookings, South Dakota, † May 31, 2013 in New York City ) was an American theoretical physicist who dealt mainly with nuclear physics and astrophysics. Since 1968 he was a professor at the Centre for Theoretical Nuclear Physics at the State University of New York at Stony Brook.

Life and work

Brown made 1946 his bachelor's degree in physics from the University of Wisconsin in 1948 and his master's degree at Yale University, where he received his doctorate in 1950 ( Ph.D.). In 1957 he received his D.Sc. at the University of Birmingham in England ( with Rudolf Peierls ), where he was a lecturer from 1955 and 1959/60 Professor of Theoretical Physics. From 1960 to 1985 he was professor at NORDITA in Copenhagen and at the same time from 1964 to 1968 Professor at Princeton and from 1968 professor at the State University of New York at Stony Brook, where he was Professor of Physics since 1988 Distinguished.

Brown first worked in theoretical atomic physics (self - ionization of the vacuum with Geoff Ravenhall 1951, Lamb shift in heavy atoms, electron -electron interaction, exact calculation of the Rayleigh scattering). In nuclear physics, nuclear physics where he was the many-body theory for decades one of the leading theorists, he worked eg with Mark Bolsteri about the giant dipole resonance, with Thomas T. S. Kuo on effective interaction between nucleons in atomic nuclei and on chirally invariant theories of the atomic nucleus ( with Mannque Rho, Dan -Olof Riska ), that is about field theories with pions and other mesons. With Mannque Rho 1979 he led the Little -bag model of hadrons and 1991, the Brown -Rho scaling. From the 1970s he turned and often in collaboration with Hans Bethe from nuclear physics derived state equations in the theory of compact star (star collapse and supernovae, binary stars with compact stars as partners, development of black holes, gamma ray bursts ). He worked from the late 1970s well over bag models of nucleons (Chiral Bag and others).

Awards

Brown was honorary doctorates from the universities of Helsinki ( 1982), Birmingham (1990 ) and Copenhagen (1998).

Writings (selection )

• " Unified theory of nuclear models", North Holland, Interscience 1964, new edition as " Unified theory of nuclear models and forces", North Holland, 1967, 1971
• With Andrew D. Jackson "The Nucleon Nucleon Interaction ", North Holland 1976
• "Many body problems", North Holland 1972
• Rave Hall "On the interaction of two electrons", Proceedings of the Royal Society A 208, 1951, 552
• With Bolsteri " dipole state in nuclei ", Physical Review Letters, vol 3, 1959, 472
• " The discovery of the multipole giant resonances in atomic nuclei ", Physical leaves 1997, p 710 (Lecture on the occasion of the award of the Max Planck medal of the DPG)
• With Kuo " Structure of finite nuclei and the Nucleon - Nucleon free interaction: an application to O18 and F18 ", Nuclear Physics A, Volume 85, 1966, pp. 40-86
• With Rho "The chiral bag", Comments on Nuclear and Particle Physics Vol 18, 1988, p 1
• With Rho "Towards a basis in QCD for nuclear physics", Comments on Nuclear and Particle Physics Vol 16, 1986 245
• With Rho " Scaling effective Lagrangian in dense medium ," Physical Review Letters, Vol 66, 1991, 2720
• " The structure of the Nucleon ", Physics Today January 1983
• With Zahed, "The Skyrme Model ," Physics Reports, vol 142, 1986, pp. 1-102
• With Wolfram Weise, Gordon Baym, Josef Speth " Relativistic effects in nuclear physics ," Comments on Nuclear and Particle Physics, Volume 17, 1987, 37
• With Bethe, Applegate, Lattimer "Evolution of state in the gravitational collapse of stars", Nuclear Physics A 324, 1979, p 487
• Brown, Bethe, "Evolution of binary compact objects did merge", Astrophysical Journal Vol 506, 1998, p 780
• With Bethe " How a supernova explodes ," Scientific American, May 1985
• The Nucleon - nucleon Interaction and the Nuclear Many- body Problem: Selected Papers of Gerald E. Brown and T. T. S. Kuo, World Scientific, 2010