Giacomo Boncompagni

Giacomo Boncompagni, Jacopo Boncompagni ( born May 8, 1548 Bologna, Papal States at that time, today Italy, † August 18 1612 in Sora, Italy ) was an Italian feudal lord of the early Baroque.

Life

G. Boncompagni was born as the son of Ugo Boncompagni, later Pope Gregory XIII. , And his mistress from Carpi, Maddalena Fulchini, in Bologna. Ugo Boncompagni was in his hometown of Bologna in order to fulfill his duties as one of the papal lawyers during there exile the Council of Trent in the Papal States; until ten years later he was ordained a priest. Giacomo's education at the University of Padua was taken over by the Jesuits.

After the election of his father the Pope in May 1572 Giacomo went to Rome and was appointed there to the castellan of Castel Sant'Angelo; at the same time he studied at the Collegium Germanicum et Hungarian specialty. It was followed in April 1573 he was appointed Gonfaloniere the church. In this capacity as commander of the papal army, he first went to Ancona, to protect the city against a possible threat from the Turks, and then to 1574 to Ferrara, where he Köng Henry III. of France received in papal order. In August 1575 he King Philip II of Spain transferred the title of commander in chief of the armed forces in what was then ruled by Spain Duchy of Milan. In February 1576, he married Costanza Sforza in Rome from the family of the Counts of Santa Fiora in southern Tuscany, which brought a dowry of 50,000 scudi in marriage; with her he had 14 children. In December of the same year he was named Gregory XIII. Governor of Fermo.

State and Warlord

His father Gregory XIII. tried over the years, despite all the administrative tasks and military obligations, to create their own feudal rule for his son. In February 1577 trial, the Margraviate of Saluzzo in the western part of Upper Italy to get granted by the French king, for which the Pope offered a sum of 600,000 scudi failed. In August of the same year, however, Duke of Ferrara, the little Margraviate of Vignola was a payment of 70,000 Goldscudi Ferrara Alfonso II d' Este, be purchased at Modena. In August 1578 King Philip II gave Giacomo addition the Margraviate Casal Maggiore in the eastern area of the Duchy of Milan; moreover, he was appointed as the Milan State Council and Knight of the Spanish Order of Calatrava.

However, on September 12, 1579 the Pope succeeded in an important for the future of his son and his own family Acquisition: For an amount of 100,000 Goldscudi he bought of Francesco Maria II della Rovere, Duke of Urbino, Duchy of Sora at the northern limit of the Kingdom of Naples, which Philip II confirmed in December with the official investiture. In May 1583 Giacomo had to buy for 243,000 ducats the counties Aquino and Arpino in the same region from the previous owner, Alfonso d'Avalos d' Aquino. All these places are today in the extreme south of the Italian region of Lazio.

In February 1581 Giacomo received at his palace in Rome as the representative of the Pope sent an embassy of Tsar Ivan IV and his father served there on a diplomatic function. In the same year 1581 he got together with Latino Orsini, Margrave of Lamentana, the task of combating banditry in the Papal States. After the death of his father in 1585 he arranged with 2,000 men infantry and four companies of light cavalry that the conclave was allowed to proceed safely during the period of vacancy. Influencing the Cardinals in terms of their voting decision favorable but fail.

The new Pope Sixtus V confirmed Giacomo in his capacity as commander of the papal troops, but not in the office of the Governor of Fermo. Pope Clement VIII renewed it in July 1600th Philip II of Spain also kept him in his functions in the duchy of Milan. Giacomo and his family moved to the subsequent period in order to Isola del Liri, from where in his absence the wife Costanza ruled the duchy in there Palazzo Boncompagni. It was not until 1612 Giacomo was relieved of his duties in Milan.

Patron and industrialist

Early on, Giacomo committed in his dominions in the industrial sector such as banking 1576 he bought in the region of Tolfa in the northwest of the Lazio region of an alum - mine, in 1583 he acquired a paper mill for 1500 ducats in the area of Sora, where he also a society founded for wool processing. 1579 he participated with 25,000 ducats to a bank founded in Naples and in 1589 he promoted in his northern Italian property Vignola the settlement of Jewish merchants and bankers.

As a patron supported Giacomo particularly authors of literary works, of which some were dedicated to him with political content. He possessed a considerable library, which is now in the Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, for the most part. He also granted Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina, the most important composers of the time, its promotion, which is why these two books by him madrigals and motets dedicated. Finally, Giacomo collected even documents from the pontificate of his father, which were published in an appropriate documentation work. The scale of his family archive of the Boncompagni is today Archivio Segreto Vaticano part of. This patronage activities earned him the esteem of many of his contemporaries; she was actually the replacement for the dwindling political role in the Papal States under the following popes his father.

The Palazzo Boncompagni in Isola del Liri Residenzort is built directly over a waterfall of the river Liri. He has a tall tower and a courtyard; two large coat of arms in the stairwell reminder of the builders family and thus to Giacomo as owner.

In 1612, Giacomo, the first Duke of Sora from the family returned Boncompagni, sick after Sora back and died there on August 18 at the age of 64 years.

Art history

The Italian painter Scipione Pulzone, a well-known portrait painter of his time, painted a portrait of Giacomo Boncompagnis 1574, which came in January 2013 at Christie's in New York City for auction.

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