Giudecca
The Giudecca is a small elongated island group in the south of the city of Venice in Italy, with an area of 58.9 hectares ( exactly 589 056 square feet) and a population of 6,429 to the state of the 2001 census. It is an important part of the city sixth Dorsoduro.
Geographical classification, the channel
The Giudecca is located south of Venice and grew together from the original six, later three, parts. The island group is separated by the same channel ( Canale della Giudecca ) from the lagoon city. Your uniform running distance is approximately 300 meters. The ride from St. Mark's Square takes a public diesel engine boat ( vaporetto ) little more than three minutes. As the largest and nearest island in the lagoon the Giudecca from east to west measures no more than 2,000 meters. From north to south it is no wider than 300 meters. It consists of a total of eight individual islands, which are separated by about five to 40 meters wide channels, five of which cut through the Giudecca from north to south, and two more over a short distance east-west direction running.
The Giudecca is divided into three Roman Catholic parishes: SS Redentore ( with SS Trinità - Clarisse and Zitelle ), Santa Eufemeilen ( with shipyards and Fabrikia ) and San Gerardo Sagredo.
Giudecca is shown in red (single islands are not visible)
Giudecca is part of the district of Dorsoduro (yellow)
Channels separate the individual islands of Giudecca each other
The churches of Giudecca
The palaces of Giudecca
History, origin of the name of the island
It is thought that the island was also called " Vigano " in the early Middle Ages. Also at that time or later, the name " Spinalonga " naturalized ( the solidified form of spina lunga, ie long fishbone ), since the shape of the island reminds bird's-eye view of the flexible backbone of a fish.
The origin of the name is still valid today " Giudecca " there are two seemingly divergent main theses. After a reading of her name, the island was named after the Jews ( Giudei ) because they had been allowed instead to settle in Venice on the island before the city. Thus Giudecca would ( as a derivative of giudeo, the mittelital term for Jew - in contrast to today's Italian ebreo. ) Designate specifically the ' island for Jews '. From the Venetian patrician Giorgio Emo is also known that he had proposed to the senate of the city-state in 1515 to resettle the Jews in the city permanently and exclusively on the Giudecca. But it came from you, probably because soldiers can also roosts on the island would provoke undesirable disturbances. A year later, the Senate adopted the proposal Zaccaria Dolfin data by which the Jews present in Venice should settle in the ghetto itself, an island on the outskirts of the city, which was closed in at night. This Venetian urban Jewish quarter ( anciently also Gheto ) is possibly the first ghetto in Italy at all.
The other explanation for the origin of the name Giudecca island is linked to the convicted person for minor offenses ( Italian for " giudicati "). Since prisoners have been brought into the early Middle Ages to the island bounded by the city, just the thought Pate could have been in this case for the Verbannungsinsel here.
Michelangelo had 1529-1532 hired three years on the Giudecca in a kind of voluntary exile a house. On maps and engravings of the city map of Venice, numerous noble palaces are drawn with huge gardens on Giudecca (also Giudeca or in the old Venetian dialect ZÜCA ).
At the turn of the 20th century, the island was inhabited by 3000 inhabitants mostly by fishermen. In the early 20th century, the Giudecca to an industrial area, especially in its western part) with shipyards and factories were. With the end of World War II, much of the industrial settlement lost its former importance on the island. Today Giudecca is becoming more and more discovered as a residential area, from which it is estimated that you can back here and relax them well away from the tourist hustle and bustle of Venice.
An important buildings can be found on the Giudecca, the church Il Redentore, probably the most beautiful and imposing building Palladio, built in 1576 as a votive church by order of the Senate at the end of the plague, the Church of Saint Eufemia ( founded in the 9th century) is one of the oldest churches in Venice and the Chiesa delle Zitelle. The San Giorgio Maggiore Church is located off the eastern tip Giudeccas and no longer belongs to her.
At the western end of the island is a huge, erbauter neo-gothic brick building, the Stucky Mill. The building was built in the late 19th century by pasta manufacturer Giovanni Stucky. For various extensions to the Hanoverian architect Ernst Wullekopf was asked who gave the mill its present form. The Molino Stucky was up to the beginning of the Second World War, the largest pasta factory in Italy. After years of vacancy and decay began the end of the 20th century the mill partly to a hotel to convert partly to cultural and exhibition purposes. This work was interrupted in 2003 by a major fire. Meanwhile, the building was taken over by the Hilton Group and reopened as a hotel.
In addition, there were on the Giudecca a film studio.
Shipping
The number of the Giudecca canal by moving cruise ships increased from year to year and was in the year 2012 1700 ships. Their vision is perceived as visual impairment. In addition, damage to the environment is concerned, and the destruction of the foundation of the city by the triggered waves of the ships. In November 2013, the Italian government shelled, strong narrow vessel traffic on the channel. Large cruise ships of 96,000 GRT are banned from November 2014, the Transits of medium-sized vessels from 40,000 GRT shall be limited to one-fifth. Ferries can no longer pass through the canal since January 2014.