Giuliano Vassalli

Giuliano Vassalli ( born April 25, 1915 in Perugia, Perugia, † October 21, 2009 in Rome ) was an Italian lawyer and politician of the Partito Socialista Italiano (PSI ), which among other things, a member of the Chamber of Deputies ( Camera dei deputati ) and the Senate ( Senato della Repubblica), Minister of Justice of Italy, as well as judge and president of the Constitutional Court ( Corte Costituzionale ) was.

Life

Study and resistance against fascism

Giuliano Vassalli, whose father Filippo Vassalli professor of civil law and Roman law, and between 1944 and his death in 1955 was Dean of the Law Faculty of the University La Sapienza in Rome, studied post-school also law at the University La Sapienza and was during his studies, member of the fascist student organization Gruppo Universitario Fascista ( GUF ). In 1936 he completed his studies at the Professor of Criminal Law, Arturo Rocco, from.

During the Second World War he was active in the resistance against the fascist dictatorship of Benito Mussolini and joined on 8 September 1943, the Resistance. Between October 1943 and January 1944 Vassalli was a member of the Central Military Council of the Comitato Nazionale di Liberation (CLN ) ​​and organized as such in January 1944, the flight of Sandro Pertini and Giuseppe Saragat from prison Regina Coeli in Rome.

In April 1944 he was arrested himself, and suffered in prison Via Tasso in Rome torture by the SS through the intervention of Pope Pius XII. He was released from prison on June 4, 1944.

High school teacher, local politician and Member of Parliament

After the Second World War he worked as a lawyer before he became a professor of Criminal Law and Criminal Procedure at the University of Urbino. He then held professorships in criminal law and criminal procedure at the University of Pavia, Padua University, the University of Genoa and University of Naples, before he finally accepted the appointment to the Chair for these areas of law at the University La Sapienza in Rome. There he taught intermittently until his retirement in 1990.

In 1962, he began his political career in local politics when he was elected a member of the City Council of Rome, and was at this same time to 1966, Chairman of the Group of the Partito Socialista Italiano (PSI).

On 1 June 1968 he was selected for the PSI as a member of the Chamber of Deputies and was one of these as a representative of the constituency Roma for a term of up to 24 May 1972. During this time he was also between June 1969 and May 1972 Chairman of the Commission for the review of the approval of court proceedings.

After leaving the Camera dei deputati he joined as a professor of criminal law and criminal procedure at the University La Sapienza again.

Senator and Minister of Justice

On June 26th 1983 Vassalli was chosen for the PSI as a member of the Senato della Repubblica and this belonged to the end of the ninth legislature on July 1, 1987. After this time between August 1983 and October 1986, he was first chairman of the Standing Committee on Justice, he was in August 1986 Chairman of the PSI Group in the Senate and held this position until July 1987.

After retiring from the Senate Vassalli was appointed by Prime Minister Giovanni Goria Minister of Justice of Italy on 28 July 1987. This post he held also in the subsequent government of Ciriaco De Mita, as well as in the sixth and seventh cabinet of Giulio Andreotti to 2 February 1991. During this time he was in 1988 awarded the Grand Cross of the Order of Infante Dom Henrique.

Judge and President of the Constitutional Court and Presidential Candidate

After Vassalli had resigned from the government, he was appointed by President Francesco Cossiga for a nine -year term as Judge of the Italian Constitutional Court, the Corte Costituzionale appointed on 13 February 1991.

In 1992, he was himself the candidate of PSI for the office of president, withdrew his candidacy but after the fourteenth round of voting in favor of Oscar Luigi Scalfaro, the candidate of the Christian Democracy (DC), back, eventually in the 16th ballot with a majority of 672 votes was elected President of the Republic.

On 11 November 1999 he was appointed as successor by Renato Granata President of the Constitutional Court and held that post until the end of his nine-year term of office three months later on February 13, 2000 from.

Honors and Awards

1982 Vassalli corresponding member of the Accademia dei Lincei, 1990 socio nazionale. For his many years of service to the judiciary and politics of Italy Vassalli has won several awards and was awarded the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic and was founded in 1965 as a Grand Officer ( Grande Ufficiale ) and in 1966 with the Grand Cross ( Cavaliere di Gran Croce ) awarded this Order. In addition, it 1980, the Medal of Merit of Culture and Fine Arts ( Medaglia della cultura e dell'arte Benemeriti ai ) was awarded. On 24 January 2002 he was finally awarded the University of Bologna an honorary doctorate.

Publications

• La confisca dei beni: storia e recente profili dommatici, Padua, 1951
• Gian Domenico Pisapia, Il segreto istruttorio nel processo penale, Milan 1960
• Dizionario di diritto e procedura penale, Milan 1986
• La giustizia internazionale penale: studi, Milan 1995
• La legge e la sua penale interpretazione, il Reato e la responsabilità penale, le pene e le misure di sicurezza, Milan 1997
• Il Code makes e la sua riforma; criminologia, politica criminale e Legislazione straniera; giuristi del passato, Milan 1997
• Formula di Radbruch e diritto penale: note sulla punizione dei delitti nella Germania di Stato postnazista e nella Germania postcomunista, Milan 2001