Gland, Switzerland

Gland ( [ glɑ ], Franco-Provençal [ gʎɑ ] ) is a municipality in the District de Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

Geography

England is at 432 m above sea level. M. five kilometers (direct distance ) north-east of the district town of Nyon. The municipality extends to the slightly against the inclined plane at the foot of the Jura Lake Geneva in the far west of the Vaud Cote.

The area of ​​8.3 km ² large municipality area includes a section on the northwest shore of Lake Geneva. The communal land extends from the shore over the shallow shoreline strips to the north over the plain to the foot of the Jura. Here is 470 m above sea level. M. reached the highest point of England. The northeastern boundary is the mostly channelized Lavasson and - below its mouth - the Dullive which opens with a small Aufschüttungskegel in Lake Geneva. The southwestern boundary runs along the Promenthouse that flows with numerous meanders through a Talniederung. At the southernmost territory extends on the alluvial fan, which the Promenthouse has formed with the eroded material in the Jura at its confluence with Lake Geneva. From the municipality surface 1997 37 % came from settlements, 14% forest and shrubs, 48% to agriculture and slightly less than 1% was unproductive land.

For England includes the settlements of La Lignière (403 m above sea level. M. ) and La Dullive (380 m above sea level. M. ) west of the creek of the same name, as well as some farms. Neighboring communities of England are Prangins, Vich, Begnins, Luins and Dully. About the Geneva England borders on France.

Population

With 11,605 inhabitants (as of 31 December 2012) England is one of the major municipalities of the canton of Vaud. Of the 79.5% inhabitants are French-speaking, German-speaking 6.5% and 3.6 % in English (as of 2000). After 1960 began a rapid increase in population with a sevenfold increase in population within 30 years.

Economy

England until the 20th century embossed mainly by agriculture village. Today, agriculture plays as a source of income only a minor role, she focuses on the wine at the foot of La Côte and in the plains east of the village; thanks to the fertile soil is also the agriculture of importance. Only since the construction of the motorway A1 ( 1964), numerous industrial companies and commercial and service enterprises settled in the community. The headquarters of the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN ) and that of the WWF and Swissquote are located in Gland. To England belongs the clinic La Lignière, which specializes in cardiology and diabetology. Since 1971 there is a large school and sports center; England also has a golf course in the vicinity of Lake Geneva.

In recent decades, the former wine-growing village has developed into a residential community. New districts are mainly in the direction of Lake Geneva, while the industrial and commercial zones are mostly found near the motorway and in the southwest of the community. Since England is approximately in the middle between Lausanne and Geneva, there are also many workers who engage in these cities their work. England has become a popular place of residence for the celebrities. So here in 2006, among others, the Formula 1 driver Michael Schumacher has settled. His new villa (approx. 40 million euros ) to be the most expensive residence in Switzerland.

Traffic

The community is conveniently reach and accessible. The A1 ( opened in 1964 ), the main road 1 and the SBB line Lausanne- Geneva (Section Morges- Coppet taken on April 14, 1858 in operation) to happen England. For the dispersion in public transport bus routes of England shall use their Burtigny, by role and by Nyon via England to Gimel. From 1906 to 1954, the interurban tram Gland - Begnins wrong ( GB).

History

England can look back on a very long urban tradition. The earliest traces date back to the Bronze Age, from which a settlement site on the lakeshore comes at La Dullive. At La Lignière were found graves from the La Tène period. Also from the Roman period are known discoveries, including the remains of a villa, a brickyard and graves. Other tombs have survived from the Burgundian period.

The first written mention of the village was 994 under the name of Villa Glannis. Later, the names Glant ( 1179 ), glans (1202 ), Glanez ( 1344) and in 1386 the present name appeared. England belonged since the Middle Ages to the rule Prangins, but also the Abbey Romainmôtier and the Lords of Gingins had property in the village.

With the conquest of Vaud by Bern in 1536, England came under the administration of the Bailiwick of Nyon. 1673 Marcin, who made an independent municipality until then was united with England. The place took in the 18th century on many Huguenot refugees. After the collapse of the ancien régime England belonged from 1798 to 1803 during the Helvetic Republic to the canton of Geneva, who came up then with the enactment of the Act of Mediation in the canton of Vaud. 1798 was assigned to the district of Nyon.

Attractions

In England there is a Protestant parish church (1968 built ) and a Catholic church ( 1973 ). Outside the resort along the lake shore there are several mansions and palatial villas, all of which are privately owned, including the Villas Prangins.

In the 1930s, a roadblock was erected between the shores of Lake Geneva and the Jura. The particular form of concrete blocks reminiscent of the Toblerone chocolate, which is why the lock was named La ligne of Toblerones ( Toblerone ). Along this lock today leads the trail Sentier des Toblerones.

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