Glaphyridae
One type of Glaphyridae from Israel
Glaphyridae is a family of beetles in the superfamily Scarabaeoidea.
- 5.1 Notes and references
- 5.2 Literature
Features
Beetle
The beetles have a body length of 6.0 to 20.0 millimeters. Your furred body is elongated and often vividly colored, making similarity with bees. The color is brick red to black and often with a metallic sheen and white, red, yellow or orange hair tying. The antennae are nine or zehngliedrig, in the genus Glaphyrus they may also elfgliedrig. They have a tripartite lobe at the top. The compound eyes are partially or completely divided. The nasopharynx is simple and has a median sclerotized extension ( Torma ). The mandibles are sclerotized and have at the Mola and mesial brush. The Maxillarpalpen are four - or five-membered, the labial palps are four members. The tentorium has a median bridge and a simple opening. The front arms are extended forward and unite there. The spiracles on the mesothorax are slightly modified. A Empodium is available. On the wings, the wing vein 1AX is strongly ventrad curved at the distal arcuate tip of its end. The anteromediane to posteromediane area of the vein 2Ax is increased slightly above the dorso- distal ridge. The front area of the dorso- proximal ridge is very strongly broadened above the dorso- distal ridge. The tip of the dorsodistalen ridge is very broad, extended forward along its entire length and curves slightly proximal to the dorso- distal base of the arch. The wing base with the BR- indentation of 1BP is of normal greetings, but is clearly deltoidförmig. The Tracheenöffnungen of the abdomen are designed differently, but all functional. You are at the Glaphyrinae from the first to sixth or first to the seventh segment in the Pleuralmembranen and on the other segments on the tergites. The Lichninae they are in the first to seventh segment in the Pleuralmembranen ( genus Lichnia ), or on the first to sixth segment in the Pleuralmembranen and on the seventh segment of the tergite ( genus Cratoscelis ). The male genitalia consist of a triple lobe and have an unusually well sclerotized, curved base that is large relative to the parameres. In females, six ovarioles per ovary are formed.
The autapomorphies of the adult bees are the construction of the Intersegmentalia of the mesothorax, the above-described features of the Flügeladerung, including the feature that all wing edges rather straight, instead of being rounded deltoidförmig, as in related families, and that the medial part of the BMP of 2BP significantly from remainder of the BMP is discriminated as a tubular structure.
Larvae
The body of the larva is curved in a wide C. It is covered with numerous hairs. The thoracic segments and the first six abdominal segments each carry three folds. In the genus Glaphyrus a pair of ocelli is formed. The Frontoclypealnaht is complete. The antennae are four members, where the members are strongly regressed in some species. On the last antennal segment is not a great sense stain. The Galea and lacinia are clearly separated. On the legs are missing the sound production organs and the hind legs are not shortened. The claws each carry four bristle hairs.
The autapomorphies the larvae are of hairy bodies, including all body appendage, almost rectangular head capsule with substantially parallel side edges, the last sensor element, which is about ten times shorter than the second last, the last but one sensor element, which carries a number of pores, the basal part of the labial palps, which is characteristic curved inwardly to achieve the four bristle hairs of the jaws and the jaws, which are significantly larger and 80 to 120% of the length of rail ( tibiae ).
Dissemination
The family is Holarctic and neotropisch widespread, with the subfamily Lichninae in western South America and the Palearctic and Nearctic Glaphyrinae in is common. Most species inhabit sandy habitats.
Way of life
The adults are diurnal and can fly very well. Often you can find them flying around flowers or plants. The larvae live outside of the ground on sandy shores of water bodies and feed on detritus.
Taxonomy and systematics
The family includes two subfamilies with eight genera and about 80 species. The group was provided by Machatschke (1959 ) in its own superfamily, but which, according to the applicable today view is not correct. The phylogenetic position of the family within the Scarabaeoidea has been controversial. Currently it is believed that the family with the group, which includes the Erdkäfer ( Trogidae ) and Bolboceratidae, stands in a sister relationship.
- Subfamily Lichninae (western South America) Dasychaeta
- Lichnia
- Cratoscelis
- Amphicoma ( Palearctic )
- Glaphyrus ( Palearctic )
- Anthypna ( Palearctic )
- Toxocerus ( Palearctic )
- Lichnanthe (syn. Dasydera ) ( Nearctic )