Glatt (Rhine)
Underflow shortly before the mouth
The smoothness is a river in the canton of Zurich of 38.5 kilometers in length.
Course
The smoothness begins at Greifensee and ends at Rheinfelden in the Rhine. It involves the lower 38.5 km of a total of about 67 kilometers of river course, which begins with the current flowing in the Pfäffikersee Kemptnerbach ( in dialect Chämtnerbach ). Between Pfäffikersee and Greifensee the river bears the name Ustermer Aa.
For long stretches, the smoothness was straightened and regulated. The northeastern foothills of Zurich city passing, the river is strongly pressed by the expanding agglomeration. In a few short sections of the smoothness has now been renatured or there are at least at least appropriate plans, for example in the field of Eawag in Dübendorf and in connection with the proposed extension of runway 28 at Zurich Airport.
From Greifensee to Niederglatt, the river hardly gradient. Towards the mouth of the river is always steeper.
Since 1822 the river at Rheinfelden is just before the mouth passed through a 90-meter- long tunnel direct to the Rhine in order to avoid flooding the place. For the construction of the power plant Eglisau - Glattfelden the mouth had to be moved again. Since 1916, the flow is passed through a 261 meter long tunnel which opens directly into the underwater power plant.
History
The smoothness was used economically in the Middle Ages by the relatively strong Gefäll in the lower reaches for the operation of water mills made his advantage. Beginning of the 20th century, electricity was produced here.
Fauna
Originally viewed as rich in fish Glatt has long been regarded by the refuse of the metropolitan area of Zurich ( Zurich, Agriculture Airport wastewater treatment plants ) and very dirty. Today, the water quality is again mostly judged as good to very good, is problematic in certain sections of the river only nor the amount of dissolved organic carbon (DOC).
The main fish is the Alet, by the way are barbel, roach, eels, carp, tench, Schneider, gudgeon and also fragmented brook trout, perch and pike. In the summer of 2006, a Catfish was caught at the mouth of the Rhine for the first time. In Dübendorf now beavers are secured, for the text of which a section of the river above Dübendorf was placed under protection. On the smooth resettlement of numerous herons and - especially in Greifensee near - Storks.
Eponym
Various places in Zurich lowlands were named after the river, so Glattbrugg, Glattfelden, Upper and Lower ZH ZH.
Pictures
Grubenmann bridge built in 1767 in Zürich
Nature reserve Altläufe the smoothness between Zürich and Oberglatt
Adit upstream of the mouth
Mouth of the tunnel into the Rhine