Godin Tepe
34.51666666666748.066666666667Koordinaten: 34 ° 31 '0 "N, 48 ° 4' 0" E
Godin Tepe (Persian گودین تپه ) is a prehistoric settlement in west-central Iran. It was excavated in the 1970s by an American expedition led by Theodore Cuyler Young Jr., in the exploration Dalma Tepes was responsible in 1961.
The site rises 32 meters above the surrounding countryside in the valley of Kangavar and is located approximately between the cities of Kermanshah and Hamadan. The northern part of the plant seems to have been eroded over the centuries by the river Chorramrud, so that today approximately 15 -acre site enclosed original 20 acres. We can distinguish a total of eleven layers of habitation. The layer VI to XI were not as well studied as the rest of the settlement layers.
The importance of the settlement is estimated to have among other things, that they controlled the lapis trade between Badakhshan (Afghanistan ) and the lowlands. Young believes it is possible that in the short term was a susanischer trading post here.
Layer V
Layer V was captured by the excavations of 1973 in a low cut in the upper citadel on an area of 550 m². It dates between 3500-3200 BC
The older layer VI ( the Transcaucasian Yanik Culture ) passes into layer V without hiatus. At the end of the layer V however, there is a clear gap settlement. There are some signs of fire, so the roof of room 22 was burned. The houses were generally well preserved and contained some whole vessels, small finds are total frequently, but valuable metal objects are missing. All this suggests that the settlement was rapid but ordered abandoned.
Ceramics
The ceramic layer V shows partially Uruk influences, such as pots with Vierösenknubben, vessels with string ornaments on the shoulder and vessels with cream-colored coat, the parallels in Susa ( Acropolis, layer 17 ), Uruk ( Eanna IV) and Nippur ( Inanna layer 19 ) find. The typical high Jemdet Nasr storage vessels as from Nippur ( Inanna, layer 14-12 ) are known and flower pots ( bevelled rim bowls, Uruk Eanna IV), however, are lacking.
There is also a local ceramics, which seamlessly continues into the layer VI.
Cylinder seal
In layer V 13 - cylinder seal impressions and two cylinder seals were found. They were apparently partly produced locally, such as the discovery of an uncut seal cylinder occupied. The footprints have parallels in Uruk ( layer V -IV), in Khuzistan and in Susa ( layers Cc - Da). Some of them were decorated with round holes. The raw material used soapstone ( steatite ), which was partially heat-treated ( tempering ).
Clay tablets
In layer V 43 clay tablets were found, 27 of which are reasonably complete. Mainly included number of characters as they (late Uruk- time), Tappe Sialk IV1, Choga mixing, Uruk and Susa ( Acropolis, layer 17 ) also known from Hafaǧi, Tell- i- Ghazir (proto - Elamite layers) Habuba Kabira are.