Goryeo
- Jeulmun - time (8000-1500 BC)
- Mumun period (1500-300 BC)
- Jin- guk (3rd - 2nd century BC)
- Wiman Go- Joseon ( 194-108 BC)
- * Buyeo (2nd century BC - 494 AD)
- * Goguryeo (37 BC - 668 AD )
- Okjeo (2nd century BC - 5th century AD)
- Dongye (3rd century BC - 5th century AD)
- Mahan (1st century BC - 3rd century AD)
- Byeonhan (1st - 4th century AD)
- Jinhan (1st - 4th century AD)
- Four commanderies * (108 BC - 313 AD)
- * Goguryeo (37 BC - 668 AD )
- Baekje (18 BC - 660 AD)
- Silla ( 57 BC - 935 AD)
- Gaya (42 AD - 532 AD)
- United Silla ( 668-935 )
- * Balhae ( 698-926 )
- Later Baekje ( 892-936 )
- Taebong ( 901-918 )
- United Silla ( 668-935 )
- Goryeo (918-1392)
- Joseon (1392-1897)
- Empire of Korea (1897-1910)
- Korea under Japanese Rule (1910-1945)
- Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea (1919-1948)
- North Korea (since 1948)
- South Korea (since 1948)
- List of rulers of Korea
Goryeo was the name of a medieval kingdom on the Korean peninsula. Retrieved from " Goryeo ", the term " Korea " as used in most Western languages is derived.
History
It was on the rise towards the end of the period of the " United Silla kingdom " ( 668-918 ) at the beginning of the 10th century, where it saw himself as a successor of the 668 subject of Silla, Goguryeo kingdom. It is expected the Empire period 918-1392, even if it took until 936 until Korea was all reunited within the limits of the ancient Silla kingdom and the kingdom was at its end under Mongol domination.
Until the Mongol conquest of Korea in 1259 it was an independent kingdom, was then dominated Mongolian and 1392 was replaced by the Joseon Dynasty.
The decline of the United Silla Kingdom was associated with power struggles for supremacy on the Korean peninsula, from which the 918 by Wang Geon ( Kor. 왕건 ) founded in the north -lying Goryeo kingdom with its capital at Kaesong victoriously emerged (936).
Its beginning was marked by administrative reforms that put much of the country under their control, and limited the power of feudal lords.
The Kingdom of Goryeo was 939 by the Chinese emperor recognized as such.
The early 11th century began the north adjacent Liao Empire of the Khitan with three invasions after Goryeo. In this case, the Kitan also helped in the second invasion of an internal political crisis Goryeo. 1020 to Goryeo surrendered the sovereignty of the Kitan.
In the course of the 12th century there were several rebellions by noble families and army leaders against the royal court, which led to the overthrow of the king and the beginning of a military rule in 1170.
1231 began attacks of the Mongols under Ugedai Khan, which led to the conquest of the mainland in 1238. The royal house that located on the island of Ganghwa, west of Seoul, had retired, did not capitulate until 1259 and then led the domination continued in vassal of the Mongols. This is also the reason why many Koreans were both Mongol attempts to annex Japan, involved.
As a result of the Mongol invasions of Japan there broke down the political order and built himself only slowly on. The absence of a strong government power could be exercised from 1350 primarily as a result of the so-called Wokou, mainly Japanese pirates who live out their activities in a large scale off the coast of the Korean Peninsula. The Wokou contributed by the problems caused by them considerably in the case of the Goryeo Dynasty.
Only with the decline of the Yuan dynasty in China in the 14th century succeeded in 1356 repealed the Mongol occupation again. In the course of these struggles, the General Yi Seong- gye turned against the king and finally founded in 1392, the Joseon dynasty.
Miscellaneous
During the Goryeo period, the Samguk Sagi and Samguk Yusa, the report on the period of the Three Kingdoms, and the Tripitaka Koreana, a collection of Buddhist scriptures originated. At the conquest by the Mongols the Goryeo Tripitaka Koreana was destroyed, but later recreated again.
End of the 12th century, the printing press was invented movable type, a good 200 years before Johannes Gutenberg in Korea.