Grand Inquisitor
A Grand Inquisitor, Inquisitor also, in the Middle Ages was an inquisitor with special territorial powers or in the early modern period the head of the Inquisition for a country. In today's parlance, the negative associations Awakening term is used metaphorically outside its proper historical importance.
History
A wholesale or inquisitor general was commonly used by the Holy See and empowered to take action in the context of ecclesiastical Inquisition proceedings against so-called heretics. The powers of a Grand Inquisitor ranged beyond that of a simple addition Inquisitor. In the Middle Ages there were only temporarily Grand Inquisitors.
In the German lands, Konrad von Marburg is considered due to its abundance of power as Grand Inquisitor, whereas the 1348 appointed to this position Johann harmful land is considered the first official Grand Inquisitor for Germany of the early 13th century.
For in the early modern state- institutionalized authorities Inquisition in Spain and Portugal lasting Großinquisitorenämter were created. The Grand Inquisitors were appointed here by the respective king. They conducted the Authority and were hierarchically above the inquisitors. First Grand Inquisitor of the Spanish Inquisition Tomas de Torquemada was. Cars equipped with the Großinquisitorenamt Cardinals were also referred to as Kardinalinquisitoren. Grand Inquisitor of the Roman Inquisition was from 1602 to 1908 ( renamed the authority in Sanctum Officium ) or 1965 ( the end of the exercise of the prefect office by the Pope ) the Pope himself
Presence
In the present, the word Grand Inquisitor is predominantly a political, media or literary metaphor, aiming at collective stereotypical associations in connection with the Inquisition or the witch hunts, the negative perception of a person have in common, the core of public-service mission dissenters in bad faith followed or delusion and thereby led by cruelty and abuse of power.
Due to the striking nature of the term, it is particularly attractive for use in the media. The term was and is therefore used to bring people in polemic with the negative connotation of the term in connection. For example, the respective Prefect of the CDF is sometimes referred to ( the successor to the Roman Inquisition ) with a critical or ironic undertone as the " Grand Inquisitor ". Examples of persons who have been occupied with this term ( see the relevant products): Abraham Calov, Ettore Majorana and Heinrich Himmler.
The more literary or stage adaptations, in which the term is taken up, mostly treat bad experiences with dictatorship, police state and totalitarian rule (eg Tsarist rule, Eastern Bloc, National Socialism ).
Artistic Desk
- In Schiller's Don Carlos, the Grand Inquisitor succeeds at the end of the extradition Don Karlos ' to the Inquisition. → see: Don Carlos ( Schiller)
- In Giacomo Meyerbeer's opera first performed in 1865 The African Grand Inquisitor opponent is Vasco da Gama. → see: The African Woman
- In Dostoyevsky's novel The Brothers Karamazov, the fifth chapter of the fifth book deals with the " Legend of the Grand Inquisitor ," which is in the 16th century returned Jesus of the Inquisition persecuted. → see: The Grand Inquisitor
- In 1880 Hans Hagen erschienenem Drama Conrad of Marburg, German inquisitors and the Grand Inquisitor historical figure of the Grand Inquisitor Konrad of Marburg learned a literary adaptation.
- In the 1936 amendment created El Greco paints the Grand Inquisitor, the author assumes Stefan Andres on a well-known representation of a Grand Inquisitor in a written around 1600 paintings of El Greco ( see picture above) reference. → see: El Greco paints the Grand Inquisitor
- Boris Blacher's 1947 oratorio premiered The Grand Inquisitor for baritone, choir and orchestra in the textual creation of Leo Borchard is an adaptation of Dostoevsky's Legend of the Grand Inquisitor.
- In Jerzy Andrzejewski 1957 erschienenem novel Darkness covers the earth, in which, inter alia, the Spanish Grand Inquisitor Tomás de Torquemada occurs as the protagonist, the conflict between religious ideology and humanity is processed. → see: Darkness covers the earth
- The Grand Inquisitor is, a 1992 drama arisen ( as a radio play ) by George Tabori.
- ZORK - The Grand Inquisitor is, a PC adventure game ( Activision, 1997) → See: Zork