Ground speed

The ground speed ( vg ) describes the movement of a ship or an aircraft relative to the ground ( ground or surface). She is - along with the course ( magnetic or geographic direction) - the basis of dead reckoning (English dead reckoning ), the joining distance covered path sections for accurate location determination.

Aviation

The speed over ground ( speed over ground ) in the fliers language usually also English ground speed ground speed or known and designated as GS. The movement of an aircraft relative to the medium - to the Earth's atmosphere - is, however, referred to as equity or airspeed.

Shipping

In shipping, the speed is above ground in accordance with DIN 13312 Navigation always referred in February 2005 as a speed over ground; the " intended speed over ground " (English: speed of advance SOA) and the " average speed over ground " (English: speed made ​​good, SMG) have in German both the standardized symbols SOG; the English term speed over the ground (SOG ), however, is measured in the vehicle while driving speed over ground. Water flows in the busy waters (especially in rivers or in ocean currents like the Gulf Stream ) influence the SOG.

Possibilities to identify

Is the speed over ground in several ways to determine, for example:

• A Sign (ships ) and subsequent consideration of displacement by wind or flow
• Vessels with the Dopplerlog ( simultaneously determines the drift )
• From external navigation methods, such as with GPS

• Navigation (navigation )
• Air navigation