Group 1 (racing)

Group 1 was a between the 1960 and 1981 existing production-based rating group of touring car, whose regulations were defined by the then FISA, forerunner of the FIA in Appendix J of the International Sporting Code. In German-speaking countries, the term series touring car was common.

Required was a figure of 5,000 cars that had to be produced within 12 months. Also required were four seats, whose dimensions were defined in the regulations. With its displacement to 700 cc ranged two seats. As part of the historic motor sport, the rules of the group are also currently still applied.

Between 1977 and 1981, the group itself was divided into 1a ( restrictive ) and 1b ( free ). Were carried out further changes, led the declasiffication in Group 2

The text of the FISA formulations is shown in italics. Additions have been made where it is necessary to understand. With seemingly trivial definitions and provisions of the text was also reduced.

Article 255

The Article 255 in the context of Appendix J was worded as follows:

" Section III

Series Touring Cars (Group 1)

A r t i k e l 255 (definition ):

Series touring cars are touring cars, which are produced in large series. These cars have to participate in the competitions, without that they have been changed in some fashion with the purpose to improve the performance or handling characteristics. The only allowed operations consist of normal maintenance or replacement of parts that are defective due to wear or damage. The limits of permitted modifications and improvements are discussed further below in Article 257 in detail. With the exception of permitted modifications, each part can become unusable due to wear or damage only by an original part that exactly corresponds to that which it replaces, to be replaced. "

For all the precision that conveys the text, the blur is not considered that it incurs because a replaced part for verification no longer available. So whether existed wear or damage is at the discretion of the participant.

In practice, this means that even unworn parts (piston) can be exchanged in order to incorporate those with excess.

Article 256 ( minimum number of vehicles and number of seats)

Wording of Article 256:

In series touring cars at least 5000 completely identical cars must have been produced in twelve consecutive months. You must have at least 4 seats. Car with a total capacity of less than 700 cc can be supplied by the manufacturer as a two-seater.

Article 257 Permitted installations and modifications

  • Lighting equipment:

Immaterial to the vehicle performance. The standard equipment must be provided and must be supplemented.

In racing, the cars drove with the minimum standard. In rallying and endurance racing additional fixtures were placed.

  • Fuel and oil tank:

Must be the original ones.

  • Cooling System:

Are denWagentyp for different sized cooler provided, so only those who are admitted, with which the required minimum number of cars have been equipped.

The installation of a radiator blind or cover is allowed.

Make and model of the thermostat are free but it may not be omitted or added.

Explanation of CSI:

The cooler - blind can be fixed as a solid plate behind the radiator grille.

  • Carburettor / injection system:

The or the carburetor or the fuel injection pump (s) that are installed as standard in the homologated car type and noted on the test sheet, may not be exchanged or altered. However, it is possible to change the parts which regulate the amount of fuel, but not the air supplying and air flow. Was meant is that the nozzle assembly was allowed to be changed, but not the venturi and throttle.

  • Electrical equipment:

The voltage of the electrical system shall not be changed. The ... Ignition coil, the capacitor, the distributor, the voltage regulators are exempted under the condition that the ignition system remains unchanged as it is intended by the manufacturer for the respective end car type.

Spark plugs:

Make and model are exempt.

  • Power transmission:

For one and the same series of 5000 cars is this allowed on the express condition that there are different ways of mass production and the normal sale to customers and that this is noted on the test sheet.

  • Gear:

Either 2 different gear ratios without the support of a minimum production

Or two different transmissions, both in terms of the gradation and the number of gears under the condition that each of these two different transmission is installed in 50 % of the required minimum number of vehicles. The attachment of an overdrive gear reduction on the outside of the gear unit is approved.

  • Rear axle:

Two different final drive ratios.

  • Shocks:

Make and model are exempt, their principle of operation is maintained. The last passage is without any practical effect, since all the dampers used are hydraulic telescopic shock absorbers.

  • Wheels and Tires:

The wheels must be the same that has provided to the eligible model of the manufacturer. They are determined by the diameter, the width of the rim and the track they produce. Today it is called offset. Wheels would you describe today as a rim.

Wheels, which differ by appearance and dimensions can be homologated under the following conditions: that enough vehicles are equipped with it to justify the homologation that they are placed in accordance with the paragraph " fender ", Article 253d. In any case, the four wheels of a vehicle must belong to one and the same set of homologated wheels. Make and type of tires are free under the condition that it is tires, as they are intended by the manufacturer to be mounted on the original wheels without an intermediate layer can. Open to all special or additional devices such as tire protection against shattering, against snow or ice.

  • Brakes:

Must be provided by the manufacturer. The replacement of the pads, which are worn is allowed and their method of attachment is optional, but under the condition that this does not increase the braking surface. Disc brakes are only allowed if they are built and homologated in the corresponding minimum number.

It is allowed to install dual circuit brakes on the condition that they are provided from the same brand as that is the hydraulic brake master cylinder, or the manufacturer of the vehicle.

Explanation of CSI:

The choice of material for the brake pads is optional, subject to the proviso that the new pads rubbing surfaces have the same dimensions, so -. In the dimensions correspond to the original grating surfaces For the clutch lining is also true.

Provided as standard for a vehicle, a brake booster is provided a device shall not be rendered inoperative. A brake compensation unit between the front and rear brakes must not be installed where the manufacturer has not provided the installation of such in series production.

Additional accessories that are not detected by the homologation

Without limitation, all of that equipment is allowed, which exerts no influence on driving behavior desWagens. For example accessories that beautify and convenience inside the car is used ( lighting, heating, radio, etc.). Accessories, which allows an easier or safer driving ( tachograph, windscreen washer device, additional wiper on the rear window, additional mirrors, etc. ) is permitted under the condition that it does not even indirectly, the mechanical power of the engine, steering, transmission of braking system or street location touched.

All control devices and their functions must remain as long as they are provided by the manufacturer. However, it is allowed that they moved to better recognize or better achieved, for example, extending the hand brake lever to raise additional coatings on the pedals, etc. The steering wheel must be beffinden left or right, provided that no other changes be made (branches etc. ), except for a simple assignment of the steering linkage as is provided and supplied by the manufacturer.

Explanation of CSI:

The following are permitted:

1 The original windscreen can be replaced by another of the same material, which is equipped with a heating and defrosting.

2 The original built-in heater can be used as on-demand available listed, replaced by any other, also provided by the manufacturer and in the catalog.

3 An electric water thermometer can be replaced by a normal tube thermometer and einManometer the usual type with another of higher precision.

4 The alarm system can be replaced or supplemented by an additional are (possibly for operation by the passenger ).

5 The locking device of the handbrake lever can be carried out so that an immediate solution of blocking is possible.

...

8, the seat holder can be changed. The use of seat (Already a ) emoluments of any kind is permitted, including those formed by a shell.

9 The bases of the jack can be amplified, are added or multiplied.

10 The headlamps can be fitted caps that have to serve no other purpose than to cover the headlight glass, without affecting the aerodynamics of the vehicle.

  • Body:

No part of the bodywork ( dashboard, alleAusstattungen, no matter at what point ) may be removed or changed. No accessories, which is installed in the homologated car type in the simplest equipment by the manufacturer, must be removed.

Explanation of CSI:

Bolts and screws can be replaced arbitrarily and secured by cotter pins and wire.

  • Bumpers, hubcaps, trim:

Bumpers are mandatory for all vehicles where they are normally provided by the manufacturer. In track races or mountain races, the by-laws may authorize the removal of the bumpers.

Well-known group 1 cars

  • Alfa Romeo Giulia Super
  • Autobianchi A112
  • BMW 3.0 CS
  • BMW 2002 TI
  • Fiat 850
  • Fiat 128 Berlina 1100
  • Ford Escort RS 2000
  • Honda N600
  • Morris Mini Cooper
  • NSU 1200 TT (Note: the TTS was homologated in Group 2 )
  • Opel Commodore GS / E
  • Opel Manta 19 SR
  • Renault R8 Gordini
  • Simca 1000 Rallye 1, 2 and 3
1960s Touring car racing Group 2 (racing)
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