Growth hormone receptor

The somatotropin receptor ( GHR ) is the protein in the cell membrane of vertebrates to which the hormone binds somatotropin. The receptor is one of the cytokine receptors. Its main effects include the activation of JAK -STAT signaling pathway, the expression of insulin-like growth factor 1, and the binding to the tyrosine phosphatase SHP -2. This effect in the growth phase and the general linear growth and fat loss in the body. Mutations in the GHR gene can lead to somatotropin resistance and to a form of dwarfism, the Laron syndrome.

GHR is produced in humans primarily in the liver and skeletal muscles. Three of the four isoforms are GHR transmembrane receptors, soluble isoform is referred to as a somatotropin binding protein ( GHBP ). It lacks the cytoplasmic domain, and by reversible binding to somatotropin, it acts as a buffer for this hormone in the blood plasma.

Protein isoform Human Genome Organisation Euteleostomi JAK-STAT signaling pathway
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