Grubenmann

Hans Ulrich Grubenmann ( born June 23, 1709 depths, Appenzell Ausserrhoden, † January 22, 1783 ) was a Swiss builder of bridges and churches. He is famous for his extraordinary support free bridges and roof constructions.

Life

Hans Ulrich Grubenmann was born in 1709 as the third son of the carpenter and architect Ulrich Grubenmann ( 1668-1736 ) in depths. His craft, which should earn him a reputation as a brilliant engineer, he learned in his father's workshop and later empirically by their own work. Grubenmann was married three times: in 1732 with Anna Walser, 1769 Magdalena Fässler and 1779 with Anna Müller. With his second wife he had five children who died in childhood.

He created especially for the Reconstruction of Bischofszell after the fire in 1743 a name, where he built 13 houses along with his brothers John and Jacob. To his reputation also contributed to the construction of the Schaffhausen Rhine bridge, which needed to be replaced after the collapse of the old bridge in 1754. Grubenmann presented a model of a bridge, which should overcome 119 meter span without support in a single arc. Since the model was rejected, he presented a second model with a central pillar. The two arch spanned 56 and 63 meters. One improbable anecdote, which of course appears in several contemporary sources, stating that pit man should have knocked off the central pier at the opening, to demonstrate its engineering. Upon disassembly of the scaffolding Grubenmann is also thrown into the Rhine and its nearly drowned. 1771 Grubenmann sent a copy of the Schaffhausen bridge model to Ireland, where he participated in a competition for a bridge over the Derry, however he did not win. The model can be seen in the National Museum of Ireland in Dublin today.

Early on pit man came also as a church builder in appearance. He realized ten churches in the northeast of Switzerland, some of which are among the most important Reformed churches in Switzerland.

Since March 5, 2009, a postage stamp with a portrait of Swiss Post 's pit in circulation.

Works

Grubenmann is considered one of the finest engineers in the field of timber bridges and roof construction. He managed to build bridges of enormous long span without any pillars. He used the bridge technique even in his churches, by constructing the roof in the form of a hanging plant. In his early churches are longitudinal churches that represented relatively low static challenges. However, he has already applied the bridge technology in these buildings consistently. In his main work, however, the transverse, 1764-67 built church Wädenswil, he managed to column-free bridging of a 36 x 21 meter large space into twelve meters high. Furthermore Grubenmann has also implemented in this church a steep U- loft with several hundred seats without restraints. The Church of Trogen created in 1781 is a significant late work 's mine, in which he made a remarkable facade design in the style of classicism.

While most bridges pit 's were destroyed during the invasion of the French under Napoleon in 1799, many church buildings have been preserved for posterity. The churches of Wädenswil and Trogen include respect facade design, interior design and roof construction of the most important Reformed religious buildings in Switzerland.

Bridge project, models

  • Schaffhausen. Configured bridge with 119 m span, the original model in the Transport Museum in Lucerne, copy of 1913 Deutsches Museum in Munich
  • Schaffhausen. Executed bridge with 56 m and 63 m span, the original model in the museum at All Saints Schaffhausen, copy of 1771 in the National Museum Dublin

Bridges

  • Brick bridge. Built in 1743, destroyed in 1799
  • Grubenmann Bridge in Schaffhausen. The traffic passed on 2 October 1758 destroyed 1799
  • Schindellegistrasse. Built in 1765, aborted between 1939 and 1945
  • Wettingen. Built in 1764, destroyed in 1799
  • Ennenda. Built in 1765, destroyed in 1799
  • Schwanden. Built in 1765, destroyed in 1799
  • Netstal. Built 1766-1768, destroyed in 1799
  • Wooden bridge Hundwil. Built in 1778
  • Kubelbrücke at St. Gallen. Built in 1780

Churches

  • Reformed Church Stein AR, 1749
  • Reconstruction of the Reformed Church Hundwil, 1750
  • Tower completion of the Reformed Church Mitlödi, 1752
  • Reformed Church Oberrieden, 1761
  • Reformed Church Mollis, 1761
  • Reformed Church Ebnat, 1762
  • Reformed Church Brunnadern, 1763
  • Tower degree at Münster Schaffhausen, 1763-1764
  • Reformed Church alders, 1764
  • Reformed Church Oberuzwil, 1765
  • Reformed Church Wädenswil, 1764-1767
  • Reformed Church depths, 1776-1778
  • Reformed Church Trogen, 1779-1781

Houses

  • Four secular buildings in Trogen:
  • Rectory in Grub AR, 1785
  • House Upper Hörli in depths AR ( mine 's residence )

Gallery

Reformed Church Stein AR, 1749

Reformed Church Hundwil, 1750

Reformed Church Oberrieden, 1761

Reformed Church Mollis, 1761

Reformed Church Ebnat, 1762

Reformed Church Brunnadern, 1763

Schaffhauser Münster, spire, 1763-1764

Reformed Church Wädenswil, 1764-1767

Reformed Church depths, 1776-1778

Reformed Church Trogen, 1779-1781

Rectory in Trogen, 1760-1763

Sonnenhof in Trogen, 1761

Museum

The Grubenmann collection has moved from the old station to the renovated armory depths in summer 2012. The exhibition features many originals ( sketches, plans, correspondence, etc.), images and bridge models - for example one of Schaffhausen Bridge. Supplemented the collection is also by sound, film and interactive stations.

Teufen, Appenzell Ausserrhoden Johannes Grubenmann Timber roof truss Swiss Museum of Transport Grub, Appenzell Ausserrhoden Neue Deutsche Biographie Integrated Authority File
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