Guanabara Bay
- 22.778524 - 43.127632Koordinaten: 22 ° 46 ' 43 "S, 43 ° 7' 39 " W
Guanabara is the Indian name of a 380 km ² bay in Brazil, the city of Rio de Janeiro is located on the western side and the eastern Niterói. At the western seaward entrance to the Bay of Sugar Loaf, the world famous landmark of Rio lies.
Name
The Portuguese explorer Gaspar de Lemos had the bay mistaken in their discovery in January 1502 the mouth of a great river, which they therefore "January River " ( Rio - January - river, janeiro ) called. They did not know that the resident Tamoio Indians called Guanabara Bay, which translates as " estuary " means.
Geography
On the eastern bank of at its narrowest point about 1.5 km wide cove is Niterói. This large city with over half a million inhabitants (as of 2005) was until 1975 the capital of the state of Rio de Janeiro. In the same year the state of Guanabara was merged with its capital Rio de Janeiro with the State of Rio de Janeiro and lost his name. Until the transfer of the capital of Brazil from Rio de Janeiro to Brasília in 1960 Guanabara was the Federal District of Brazil.
The 1974 completed Rio - Niterói Bridge, a 14 km long and at its highest point 70 meters high motorway bridge connects across the entire width of the known as " Guanabara Bay " Bay Rio de Janeiro Niterói. The bridge offers a beautiful view of the Sugar Loaf and Rio de Janeiro. Both cities operate on each shore of the bay its commercial ports, the Port of Rio de Janeiro for decades Brazil's second largest general cargo port to Santos is. Ports of the Navy and numerous shipyards, including oil rigs, are also on the shores of the bay.
Environment
Of the many small scattered islands in the bay at the painters particularly popular, romantic island Paquetá is considered a still paradisiacal place with some South Seas flair. However, dolphins and porpoises in the Bay have become rare. The municipality of Rio struggles with multi-billion dollar international support for the correction of severe environmental damage; decades sewage of the metropolis had been discharged untreated into the bay.
The fishing of the remaining five fishermen colonies in the bay dropped to about 13 tons per day ( 2004). The are an oil inflow of about 7 tons per day from 16 oil terminals, 12 yards and 6,000 industrial enterprises meet daily at approximately 340 tons of organic waste, of which only about a quarter is treated appropriately. In the 16 municipalities of the hydrographic basin nearly 10 million people. 35 small rivers flow into the bay.
- Bay in Brazil
- Bay in South America
- Bay (Atlantic Ocean )
- Geography ( State of Rio de Janeiro)