Gulf house

The Gulfhaus, also referred to as Gulfhof or East Frisian house is a farmhouse form that emerged in northern Germany in the 16th and 17th centuries. There is a wooden scaffolding in post and beam construction. The Gulfhaus spread first in the marshes and then in the Frisian Geest areas. The distribution area extended in the North Sea coastal region of West Flanders over Holland, Friesland and Oldenburg to Schleswig -Holstein (as Haubarg ). This line was interrupted by the Elbe- Weser triangle, in which the form of the ( Low German ) Hall house, better known as Lower Saxony house preserved.

Formation

Owes its existence to the Gulfhaus economic conditions. Prior to his invention, the people of the East Frisian North Sea Marsh lived in the Old Frisian farmhouse ( oud- Friese boerenhuis ), a residential barn house. These small buildings ranged farmers from spatially as no great harvest was store. Cereal production was only possible on a few high-lying areas, while insufficient drained marshes could only be used as a grass and pasture. The improved drainage technology with wind watermills the fertile marshes were drained and used over a large area for cereals. For the recovery of the growing harvests a house with a large capacity was needed, resulting in the gulf house was built.

Construction

The typical Gulfhaus consists of a front building ( fööeräen ), which is the living area, and the adjacent Stall-/Scheunentrakt ( achteräen ). The fact that in the rear of the roof is pulled beyond incurred backs of so -called " ūtkübben " so that the barn wing is wider than the living quarters. The center of the Stall-/Scheunentraktes is the " Gulf ", a storage area for hay, crops and equipment, where this type of house takes its name.

In a back storage compartments are for adjusting cattle ( kaustâl ). The front running gear is as " kaugâng " ( Kuhgang ) refers. At the far end is traditionally the pit toilet ( gemak ). Two doors, a large barn ( sğüerdööer ) on the one hand, the access to the threshing ( dösdêl ) and the Gulfen find at the gable end of the barn tract also enabled with cars and a small, two-piece door ( messeldööer ) on the other. The latter took its name from the fact that through them the crap from the " kaugâng " ( crap = mäers; cleaned out = measure ) was taken away.

Often found on the big barn door a semi-circular window in metal frame with an interior layout in the shape of a stylized rising sun.

The front, located on the gable part of the middle section, in which the horse stable ( pêrstâl ) housed, is defined by a separation wall and gets a cover, so that an additional floor ( sing. hiel, pl. Hillen ) arises on the other hay is stored for winter feeding.

The roof load contribute to this type of building not the outside walls, but an interior stud framing ( stååpelwârk ).

The roofing of the residential tract is traditionally done completely with red clay roof tiles, while the barn tract in the lower third is covered with just these tiles and at the top of thatch. The roof is at least on the windward gable end (usually the barn gable ), sometimes also formed on both gables as hipped, who is also still often crowned by a Malljan.

A distinctive feature of many older Gulfhöfe is the so-called Upkammer ( upkååmer ), a room in the living area, which is located higher because of an underlying semi aboveground cellar than the other rooms. This corresponds in such buildings in the exterior view often still a staggered arrangement of the windows.

The construction plan is the Gulfhauses ( occasionally with size- or position-related modifications such as a side entrance ) application equally for large farm buildings ( Platts ) as well as in smaller buildings to farm workers worldwide.

Other Uses

Due to the structural change in agriculture and abandonment of farms, opportunities, and other supply Gulfhöfe than agricultural purposes offered. So ( Mengali community Krummhoern, ) was in Loquard a former Gulfhof to a primary school rebuilt. In Hollen (municipality Uplengen, district of Leer ) the local savings bank has moved into a former agricultural Gulfhof. The Nature Conservation Association NABU operates in Wiegboldsbur (municipality Südbrookmerland, District of Aurich) a Gulfhof as Lehrhof for natural agriculture and Butjadingen former Gulfhof Bree is operated as a school camp and youth group home.

On the historic square of Grootegaste the former Gulfhaus of Steenfelde was rebuilt. By the former barn door one enters the museum farmhouse Neemann. In the back room of the museum is a historical collection of agricultural implements, tools, old crafts and peat extraction is - of Erdkarren to see up to a portable forge. In the former stable lane you will find farm implements and an outhouse with old newspaper. In addition, a mom-and-pop store be visited in the former kitchen of the Gulfhauses and old furniture in the living area.

A quirky history, the gulf house on the site of the citadel Vechta deep in the former tribal lands of the Saxons, where one would expect no houses typical of the Fries land style: The house with no living area owes its origin rehabilitation programs in prisons of the 19th century. An East Frisian prisoners the prison Vechta, a carpenter by trade, created in 1886, the wooden structure during his imprisonment in order to transport them to the dismissal in the home and complete by a living part. But the prisoner died during his imprisonment in Vechta, making the building remained on the citadel area and served as a private institution barn. Today the building is jointly owned with an adjacent new building as " Gulfhaus " to one of the company's " house of youth Vechta GmbH" powered youth center complex.