Gustav Adolf Michaelis
Gustav Adolf Michaelis ( born July 9, 1798 in Harburg; † August 8, 1848 in Taught ) was a German physician and obstetrician. He was the father of the archaeologist Adolf Michaelis ( 1835-1910 ).
Life and work
Michael was born into a family of scholars. His grandfather, Johann David Michaelis (1717-1791), was professor of theology and Oriental Studies at the University of Göttingen. The father, Godfrey Philipp Michaelis, was a general practitioner and obstetrician in Harburg 1809 and made attention to himself, which was in 1876 by Edouardo Porro ( 1842-1902 ) implemented in Padua with the idea of a prophylactic hysterectomy in cesarean sections. His aunt Caroline Schelling (1763-1809) was a writer.
After the early death of his father, the 13 -year-old Gustav Adolf was raised by his Aunt Luise, née added Michaelis and her husband Professor Christian Wilhelm Rudolf Wiedemann, the first director of the Kiel school for midwives in Kiel. He attended a Kiel High School in spring 1817 and began to study medicine in Göttingen. The local medical school was under the influence of the surgeon Konrad JM Langenbeck. Obstetrics was taught by Friedrich Benjamin Osiander. By Michael Wiedemann was already familiar with the thought processes of the Viennese school, which taught a conservative obstetrics under Johann Lukas Boër. In contrast, Osiander took a birth interventional medicine. Thus, 40% of births were vaginal surgery ended with the tongs in his department. Michaelis devoted himself categorically not one of the schools, but learned from them. In addition to the study of medicine to Michaelis dealt with literature, art, math and science.
After completing his doctorate, he returned on July 25, 1820 in Kiel. In the summer of 1821 he traveled together with Justus Olshausen, Victor Aimé Huber and Heinrich splitter to expand his medical knowledge for a year in Paris. On his return he became aware in Heidelberg on the works of Franz Karl Naegele for the female pelvis in obstetrics. Michaelis had the intention to settle in Schleswig -Holstein, for which he had to repeat as "foreigners " his exams and the doctoral examination. He went to the evaluation of its made in Paris on Zellgewebsverhärtung observation of newborns and could be on 23 October 1823 the magazine " De induratione telae cellulosae recens natorum " habilitation. As the German him a professorship in the then Danish Kiel was at first refused, despite his early habilitation.
1828 Julie married Michael Jahn, the sister of the archaeologist Otto Jahn. First Michaelis had to place the main emphasis of his medical work on expanding his own practice, because the German law firm in Copenhagen was not ready to acknowledge him as his assistant Wiedemann. This confirmation was made only in 1830, after he had helped his uncle some years. From 1836 he led largely the business of the school for midwives.
In 1836 he attained the status of a Physikus for Kiel, Bordesholm and Kronshagen and eventually was promoted to associate professor without pay. With the death Wiedemann on 21 December 1840, he led the institution initially on an interim basis. Only a petition of his students to the Danish king could enforce the appointment as head of the Gebärhauses and senior teacher of midwifery institution. The appointment were made on August 28, 1841, but remained out of the ordinary professorship.
After extensive studies on the shape of the female pelvis, he described the Michaelissche diamond. His most prominent patient with a rachitic pelvis was deformed woman Adametz from Wilster, in 1836, he carried out the fourth of seven cesarean section deliveries. As in 1847 died from puerperal fever thirteen have recently given birth in less than six weeks, he joined the Institute in Kiel and decided to build a new one. Michael was one of the few obstetricians of his time, ' recognized the correctness of the findings Semmelweis, and thus that he caused the death of many women, even those of his cousin contributed to by disregard of hygiene. He then plunged into a deep spiritual crisis and took on August 8, 1848, in Taught life.
After his death, Carl Conrad Theodor Litzmann took over the management of the clinic.
Writings (selection )
- Gustav Adolf Michaelis: About the lighting of the Baltic Sea, according to my own observations, together with some remarks about this phenomenon in other seas. Perthes and Besser, Hamburg 1830.
- Gustav Adolf Michaelis: The narrow basin personal observations and investigations. Wigand, Leipzig, 1851.
- Gustav Adolf Michaelis: About the retina, particularly the macula lutea and the foramen centrale. Nova acta negotiations of the Imperial - Leopoldisch - Carolinischen Academy of Sciences, vol 19, 2nd Dept., 1842.
- Gustav Adolf Michaelis: Caesarean section, unhappy for both mother and child. Mittheilungen from the areas of medicine, surgery and Pharmacie. Pfaff CH (ed ) 2 ( 1833), 111-124.
- Gustav Adolf Michaelis: treatises on the topic of midwifery. Kiel 1833.
- Gustav Adolf Michaelis: Strange case of a made for the fourth time with the same woman with happy results cesareans. Mittheilungen from the areas of medicine, surgery and Pharmacie. Pfaff CH (ed. ) 4 ( 1836), 60-61.
Appreciation
The Kiel midwifery school and a road that today is part of the hospital grounds were named after Gustav Adolf Michaelis. The Michaelissche diamond bears his name.
Goethe has, as is evident from his diary entry of 21 October 1830 can be influenced by the declaration of the sea glow by Gustav Adolf Michaelis in 1830 in the work to sea gods scene in Faust.