Gustav Rose

Gustav Rose ( born March 18, 1798 in Berlin, † July 15, 1873 ) was a German mineralogist. He was the son of Valentin Rose the Younger and the Mark came from a merchant and family of scholars.

Life and work

Gustav Rose studied under Christian Samuel Weiss in Berlin mineralogy. In 1821 he went to Stockholm to learn the methods of mineral analysis of Berzelius. In 1822 he was curator of the mineral collection of the University of Breslau. Then he succeeded his teacher in Berlin, in 1826 as Professor of Mineralogy at the University of Berlin, 1856 additionally as Director of the Mineralogical Museum. On October 16, 1860, he received the medical honorary doctorate from the University of Berlin.

Together with Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg was one rose to the companions of Alexander von Humboldt in Russia 1829 expedition to the Altai and the Caspian Sea. Subsequent trips he took with Eilhard Mitscherlich to the volcanoes of Italy and the Aeolian Islands, then also to the extinct volcanoes of southern France.

In about 125 publications, Rose dealt with all areas of the former mineralogy. His exact goniometric measurements on crystals enabled the discovery of the phenomenon of isomorphism. He also discovered many new mineral species, such as, among others Altait, anorthite, cancrinite, hessite, perovskite and Zinkenite.

Through the study of the Berlin collection of meteorites and their order, he came to a new system of meteorites, which is used primarily today. He called the silicate beads in the stone meteorites and chondrules containing them meteorites Chondrites. For a sub-group he led a carbonaceous chondrites the name. He divided the stone -iron meteorites in pallasite and Mesosiderite. He coined the terms Howardit and eucrite.

His grave is located on the St. Mary's and St. Nicholas Cemetery I in the Berlin district of Prenzlauer Berg.

Honors

Rose had been a member of the Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin ( 1834), foreign member of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen (1856 ) and a member of the Leopoldina (1860 ).

In 1871 he received the Order Pour le Mérite for Sciences and Arts.

A 1824 by Armand Lévy described, new mineral was named in his honor Roselite.

Works

  • Elements of crystallography. Berlin: E.S. Mittler, 1833 ( full text in the Google Book Search )
  • Mineralogical- geognostical trip to the Urals, the Altai and the Caspian seas. 2 vols. Berlin, 1837-1842
  • About the Krystallisationssystem of the quartz. Berlin, 1846. ( Book Scan in the Virtual Museum of the History of Mineralogy )
  • The Krystallo - chemical mineral system. Leipzig: W. Engelmann, 1852 ( full text in the Google Book Search )
  • About the heteromorphic states of carbonate of lime. 2 vols. Berlin, 1856-59
  • Description and classification of meteorites based on the collection in the Mineralogical Museum, Berlin, 1864.
Jöns Jacob Berzelius Isomorphism (crystallography) Altaite Stony-iron meteorite Achondrite Neue Deutsche Biographie Integrated Authority File
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