Gypsophila
Crawling gypsophila ( Gypsophila repens )
The gypsum herb ( Gypsophila ) are a genus of flowering plants within the carnation family ( Caryophyllaceae ). The trivial name " gypsum herb" due to the fact that species of the genus also grow on gypsum rock.
Description
It is a perennial herbaceous plants or, more rarely subshrubs. The constantly against arranged leaves are often fleshy, bluish green and linear to lanceolate.
As members of the subfamily of Caryophylloideae their sepals are fused together. The cup is streaked by trockenhäutige and green stripes. The mostly white, but often a bit reddish petals are more or less narrowed at their base evenly into the nail and rounded or emarginate at the top.
Occurrence
Some 100 Gypsophila species are mainly found in the eastern Mediterranean. Some species are found also in temperate latitudes of Eurasia. Some species have been introduced to North and South America and Australia.
Species
There are over 100 species of Gypsophila (selection):
- Upholstery gypsophila ( Gypsophila aretioides Boiss. ): It happens in Iran, Armenia and Turkmenistan
- Gypsophila elegans M.Bieb. It occurs in the Ukraine, the Caucasus, Iran and Turkey
- Tufted gypsophila ( Gypsophila fastigiata L.): It is found in North, Central and Eastern Europe
- Arable gypsophila ( Gypsophila muralis L.): It is found in Europe and Asia and is naturalized in North America
- Rispiges Gypsophila, Gypsophila ( Gypsophila paniculata L. ): It is native to Europe and Asia, and occurs worldwide naturalized
- Durchwachsenblättriges gypsophila ( Gypsophila perfoliata L. ): It is native to Asia and Eastern Europe
- Crawling gypsophila ( Gypsophila repens L.): It arrives in Spain, France, Italy, Slovenia, Switzerland, Austria, Germany, Poland and Slovakia ago
- Black root gypsophila ( Gypsophila scorzonerifolia Ser. ): It is found in Eastern Europe and the Caucasus
- Gypsophila torulensis Koç: It was only in 2013 redescribed and occurs in Turkey
- Gypsophila yusufeliensis Budak: It was only in 2012 redescribed and occurs in Turkey.
Use
Two of the gypsum herb species ( Gypsophila paniculata Gypsophila elegans and ) are used as ornamental plants for rock gardens.
The roots of the different species of the genus contain abundant saponins, which were formerly used as a light-duty detergent designed specifically for wool.
The gypsophila ( Gypsophila paniculata ) has been used medicinally (excerpts are expectorant and diuretic ).
Swell
- Cheers Gordon (ed.): Botanica. The ABC's of plants. 10,000 species in text and image. Könemann, Cologne 2003, ISBN 3-8331-1600-5.
- Rudolf Schubert, Klaus Werner, Hermann Meusel (ed.): Exkursionsflora the territories of the GDR and the FRG. Founded by Werner Roth painter. 14th edition. Volume 2: vascular plants, people and knowledge, Berlin 1988, ISBN 3-06-012539-2.
- Otto Schmeil, Jost hinge plates ( Lim. ), Werner Rauh: Flora of Germany and its neighboring areas. 84th edition. Quelle & Meyer, Heidelberg 1968.
- James S. Pringle: Gypsophila. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee ( eds.): Flora of North America North of Mexico. Volume 5: Magnoliophyta: Caryophyllidae, part 2, Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford et al 2005, ISBN 0-19-522211-3, p 153 ( limited preview on Google Book Search ) online..
- Lu Dequan, Nicholas J. Turland: Gypsophila. In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (eds.): Flora of China. Volume 6: Caryophyllaceae through Lardizabalaceae, Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2001, ISBN 1-930723-05-9, page 108, PDF file online.