Haarlemmermeer

Haarlemmermeer is a municipality in the Dutch province of North Holland with 144 126 inhabitants (as of 1 January 2013), and was before the draining of the name of a huge water surface.

Geography

The community is located just southeast of Haarlem and southwest of Amsterdam. It covers the area of ​​1848 to 1852 drained the lake of the same name. From him a danger of flooding for Amsterdam and Haarlem had gone out. The pumping station used to drain Cruquius now forms an anchor point of the European Route of Industrial Heritage (ERIH ) and can be visited as a museum facility.

Haarlemmermeer consists of several varieties, the largest of which is Hoofddorp.

Economy and Development

In the village Hoofddorp is also the economic, official and cultural center of the community. It is also important Nieuw- Vennep. Both places have a station on the railway line Schiphol- Leiden-The Hague.

The municipality also includes Amsterdam Schiphol Airport, the international airport of Amsterdam. Due to the airport, many transport, logistics and other companies have settled in the community. Down side of this is that crime and terrorism for the community to present a high risk. Thus in 2005 there were a fire in a wooden serving as a prison Notgebäude at Schiphol Airport, while eleven people lost their lives. Then there was a dispute between the municipality and the government, whether the complex should be permanently closed. In December 2005, the government prevailed, that the institution remains open for the time being. A building near the airport, where drug smugglers, illegal people and others can be held in provisional detention is indispensable for national security.

In 2002, the International Garden Festival Floriade was held in Haarlemmermeer. A part of this area, in particular the striking pyramid grass is annually used by the music festival Mysteryland.

History

Haarlemmermeer is a polder in the south west of Amsterdam. In the Middle Ages there were four lakes: the Spiering Sea to the north, the Oude Sea to the east, the (old ) Haarlemmermeer in the middle and the Leidsemeer in the south. Due to poor levees and the peat disappeared more and more land, the lakes grew up together in 1500 and formed the (new ) Haarlemmermeer, the largest lake in the Netherlands with an area of ​​17,000 hectares. The three villages Nieuwerkerk, Rijk and Vijfhuizen were lost. Because of its unpredictability, the lake became known as the Water Wolf.

In the 17th century, were made among others by Jan Adriaanszoon Leeghwater, plans, the Haarlemmermeer dry out. This should be required 200 wind pumps. Given the high costs and the needs of shipping and fishing did not happen to drain.

1836 had driven the water up to the gates of Amsterdam and Leiden two violent storms. Then decided King William I of the Netherlands, to dry up the sea. By order of August 1, 1837, a commission was appointed to draw up plans. Their implementation did not appear until 1839 in gear, after Amsterdam and Leiden had again to struggle with flooding.

Draining

In May 1840, the Junker Van der Poll made ​​in Hillegom broke ground on the ring canal and dike construction. After eight years of the ring dike was closed with a length of 59.50 km and 0.50 up to 1.70m height. Meanwhile, it had been decided the sea by steam engines to dry up. 1845 A test bed pumping station was built, the pumping station Leegwater. In 1849, two more pumping stations went into operation, the works Cruquius and Lijnden. On 1 July 1852 the Haarlemmermeer was dry. The 20 km long Hoofdvaart (channel) connects to the north with Lijnden Leeghwater in the south of the polder. The pumping station Cruquius in Heemstede in 1931 taken out of service and has since become a museum. In the near Aalsmeer, a new pumping station, De Bolstra built. It took until 1855 until from Haarlemmermeer a community was.

Personalities

Daughters and sons

  • Klaas Balk (1948 ), Dutch cyclist, born in Badhoevedorp
  • Leendert van der Meulen ( born 1937 ), former Dutch cyclist and motor-paced world champion, born in Badhoevedorp
  • Marly van der Velden, Actress
  • Fajah Laurens, Actress
  • Khalid Bouhlarouz, Football Player NL team

Twinning

  • Cebu City, Philippines
  • Hódmezővásárhely, Hungary
Statistics Netherlands A4 motorway (Netherlands) A5 motorway (Netherlands) A9 motorway (Netherlands) Telephone numbers in the Netherlands Museum De Cruquius Floriade (Netherlands) Jan Leeghwater Windpump Ringvaart Alkmaar Amstelveen Beemster Bergen, North Holland Beverwijk Blaricum Bussum Den Helder Diemen Drechterland Edam-Volendam Enkhuizen Haarlemmerliede en Spaarnwoude Heemskerk Heerhugowaard Heiloo Hilversum Hollands Kroon Hoorn Koggenland Langedijk Laren Medemblik Muiden Naarden Oostzaan Purmerend Schermer Stede Broec Uitgeest Uithoorn Weesp Wormerland Zandvoort Zeevang
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