Haldenstein
Haldenstein
Stone heap ( in the local dialect [ha ː ˌ ldə ʃtɑj ], Romansh Lantsch sut? / I ) is a village north of Churchill, on the left bank of the Rhine. The testified since 960 rule forms since 1803, a municipality in the district, five villages of the district today Landquart in the Swiss canton of Graubünden.
- 5.1 traffic
Geography
Haldenstein is 3 km north of Chur on the left side of the Rhine. The municipality stretches from the river Bann, which constitutes around 6 km in length, the south-eastern frontier and 540 m above sea level. M. marked the lowest point, up to the ridge of the Calandamassiv where the stockpile Calanda with 2'806 m the greatest height is reached. Neither the tip of the Haldensteiner still the Felsberger Calanda belong to the territory. In addition to the scattered village Haldenstein the community as well as the to 1868 permanently inhabited hamlet Batänja includes a series of mountain pastures at Calanda, (1400 m).
18% of the municipal area are unproductive forested, 54% and 26 % is used for agriculture, with only 5% meadows and arable land in the valley, the rest represent alpine meadow.
Neighboring communities, the city of Chur, Felsberg, Untervaz, Trimmis and Ragaz in canton St. Gallen.
Geology
The Calanda is built up to a nice part of limestones, which are assigned to the Helvetic depositional environment. There occur several rock scales superimposed. Malmkalke form the slabs of rock west of stockpile stone. Kreidekalke forms among other prominent rock ridge that runs from climbing over the ruins of Lichtenstein to the ruin stone grotto. In addition, come into the chalk shed against the Calanda up also marl layers before.
The Calanda is low powerful covered by moraine. In the northern part of Haldenstein the background is constructed of rock fall blocks.
Coat of arms
Blazon: Argent, a pile excepted black ibex horn with horn root
Coat of arms of the lords of stockpile stone.
History
The earliest archaeological findings in Haldenstein date from the Neolithic period and were made at the ruins of Lichtenstein. In the village area, a Late Bronze Age settlement could be detected ( about 800 BC ). The Halden flintlock was found Roman settlement remains. Probably the first time the village was first mentioned in 1149 as a designation of origin to personal names John de lance. The place name as Lentz Under Lenz 1375 appears inferior '; the correspondence of the additive used to distinguish between upper Lentz lives on in today's neo-Latin name Lantsch sut. The transitions to the German language replaced in the 14th century the name of the located above the village of Burg Haldenstein the older settlement name whose origin is unclear.
In the 13th and 14th centuries, the Knights of stockpile stone castle and village possessed as a fief of the Bishopric of Chur. Acquired in 1424 by Peter Grifensee all sovereign rights, so that stockpile stone from now on ( until 1803 ) was a self-organized rule, regardless of the Three Leagues. After several changes of ownership came in 1542 the French ambassador Jean Jacques de Castion by marriage into the possession of the dwarf state. 1544-48 was the new castle, which gradually replaced the castle as a means of domination point. In the following centuries, had to arrange the Haldensteiner with frequently changing masters. Thomas Look, Stein received in 1612 by the emperor to mint money, which was utilized for stamping gold and silver coins; In 1616 he introduced the Reformation.
1803 Haldenstein to Grisons. 1825 burned down a large part of the village. 1943 recorded an outgoing from the target area of the Chur shooting range forest fire all Calanda, but spared the village.
Population
The population of Haldenstein took in the last 200 years as a whole and in the last third of the 20th century, following a temporary burglaries, clearly.
Economy
In Haldenstein find 274 people employment, of which at least 13% in the primary sector (agriculture), 44 % in the secondary (industrial / commercial) and 43 % in the service sector work (2002 ). Around two-thirds of the residents of Haldenstein find, however outside of the community, for example in Chur, work. In addition to farms there are in Haldenstein commercial and industrial enterprises - bakery, carpentry, metal work, gravel plant. Since spring 2013 is on sale in Haldenstein the first large wind power plant in the canton of Grisons. This should produce as much electricity as is consumed in Haldenstein.
Traffic
The community is conveniently located near the motorway junction Chur- North on the A13. Ans public transport network it is connected to the ( side of the Rhine to Chur area ) station Haldenstein the Rhaetian Railway and the city bus line 3.
Culture and sights
- Reformed Church in 1732.
- Burghaldenstrasse stone. Built in the 12th century ancestral castle of the Knights of Haldenstein was inhabited until at least 1695. In the 18th century it fell into disrepair, including an earthquake in 1787 contributed significantly. In addition to the triangular donjon, with five floors to wall remains of the residential tract have received.
- Castle Lichtenstein, popularly called Cat Castle. The festivals of 1180 mentioned, probably related with the Knights of Haldenstein Lords of Lichtenstein dates from the same era. It was designated in the 16th century as a ruin.
- Castle stone grotto. From lying under a ledge rock castle missing documentary evidence. A 20 m long section of the front wall is still present.
- Schlosshalde stone. The castle, built in the Renaissance style at the edge of the village in the 16th century was rebuilt in 1732 after a fire. Since 1701 in the possession of Salis - May- field, it housed 1763-71 an educational institution of philanthropy. Today, since 1966 a foundation belonging, from 1986 to 2005 restored building is used by the local government and the Archaeological Service of the Canton. Since 2001, an open-air opera will be performed by the kammerphilharmonie grisons under the direction of Marcus R. Bosch Zweijahresrhytmus in the castle.
- Ensemble Zumthor: Atelier Zumthor, 1986, Architect: Peter Zumthor
- Ensemble Zumthor: living and studio Zumthor, 2004, Architect: Peter Zumthor
- House Clavuot -Merz, 2002, Architect: Conradin Clavuot
Castle Lichtenstein
Castle stone grotto
Schlosshalde stone
Personalities
- Peter Zumthor ( * 1943 ), architect, lives and works in Haldenstein
- Gimma ( born 1980 ), rapper, lives in Haldenstein