Hans Carl von Carlowitz
Hans Carl von Carlo joke, actually Johann " Hannß " Carl von Carlowitz (. * 14 Dezemberjul / December 24 1645greg in Oberrabenstein; . † March 3, 1714 in Freiberg ) was a German camera List, Royal Polish and Electoral Saxon chamber - and Bergrat and chief mining the Ore Mountains. He wrote with the Sylvicultura oeconomica, or haußwirthliche message and nature Moderate Instructions for wild tree - breeding ( 1713), the first closed work on forestry and is considered a major creator of the concept of sustainable forest management.
Life
Hans Carl von Carlowitz was born as the second son (of 16 children) in the fourth generation living at Burg Rabenstein Carlowitzens. His father was the chief forester Electorate of Saxony Georg Carl von Carlowitz. From 1659 he attended the Evangelical Lutheran City Gymnasium Hall, which was strongly influenced by the former spirit of humanism. The Carlowitz family was part of the Saxon Uradels and worked for several generations in the management of forests in the Saxon Erzgebirge.
From Carlowitz studied law and political science in Jena, learned foreign languages, and devoted himself to scientific and mining manifested 's studies. During his Grand Tour from 1665 to 1669 he saw the Great Fire of London and had to spend no fault of short time in a London prison, since it was arson foreign agents. From Carlowitz traveled on through the whole of Europe; inter alia, He visited France, the Netherlands, Denmark, Sweden, Italy and Malta. On his journey, learned from Carlowitz that wood in 17th-century Europe was a scarce commodity. In London, the book by John Sylva Evelyn had recently appeared; 1669 a modern forest law was passed in France by King Louis XIV. On the experiences and insights of his grand tour attacked by Carlo joke later in his Sylvicultura oeconomica back.
1677 he was appointed Vice - Saxon Captian and worked since then in Freiberg. In 1675 he married Ursula Margaretha von Bose, the eldest daughter of Christoph Dietrich von Bose. From this marriage survived three children. The family moved in 1690 to Freiberg after her inherited property burned down in Arnsdorf after a lightning strike. The house at the Freiberger top 10 market still exists today.
In 1711 he was appointed chief mining the Ore Mountains. As head of the mining authority Freiberg, among others, the wood supply of the Saxon mining and smelting industry was in its jurisdiction.
One year after the publication of his major work Sylvicultura oeconomica died of Carlowitz on March 3, 1714 in Freiberg and was buried in the family grave of the town church St. Petri ( Freiberg ) ten days later.
Importance
Meaning he gained as the author of the first original work on forestry, Sylvicultura oeconomica, or haußwirthliche message and nature Moderate Instructions for wild tree - breeding (1713 ). In his work brought together by Carlowitz the decreased during the Thirty Years War forestry knowledge of his time together, extended it through their own experiences and first formulated the principle of sustainability:
From Carlowitz wrote his book in a time of energy crisis. The mines and smelters of the Erzgebirge (then one of the largest mining areas in Europe) had to be supplied with wood as an energy source. In addition, the urban and population growth contributed strongly to the " wood shortage " at. A regulated silviculture as well as laws, ecological standards or certifications for afforestation did not exist.
From Carlowitz formulated the thought, respectful and " care " with nature and its raw deal, and criticized designed for short-term profit -exploitation of forests. Although the word " show sustainable " in his 432 - page book occurs only once, is true of Carlowitz as the creator of the term "sustainability".
The full title of the work is: " Sylvicultura Oeconomica, or haußwirthliche message and nature Moderate Instructions for Wild Tree Breeding, along with Thorough representation of how zuförderst by Divine Benedeyen the everywhere and insgemein ripping Great Holtz deficiency, by means of sowing Pflantz and transfer of many hand- to prospicieren trees, so by approach and re- growth of the good as well and speedily increasing, gewüchsig than others and useful Holtzes, quite desolate and aborted Holtz- Ländereyen, squares and places turn wood kingdom, to make useful and useful; To collect Bevorab of Saam - trees and like the wild tree seeds, to make ready for sowing the land to bewerckstelligen such seed to observe the young approach and re- wax. In addition auffzubringen the so-called living, or impact on upper and lower wood and multiply, which prefixed, the types of tangling and hardwoods, epithelium whose optional attribute and what wearing said Holtz for seed, and how to deal with frembden tree crops to behave, and also how to cut the wood to char, to cremate and otherwise use. More from nothdürfftiger supply of Hauss - construction brewing mountain and Schmeltz - being, and as a perpetual Holtz- use, land and people, even every Hauss - keepers to invaluable large Auffnehmen, care and fitly to achieve and implement Worbey same time a thorough message from the in Churfl. Sächß. Landen found Turff Its Natural texture, great benefits, utility and useful carbonization of love for transport of algemeinen Best described "
Hans -Carl -von- Carlowitz Price
For outstanding achievements in the field of environmental research at the Technical University (TU) of Freiberg, the club practice partner of the local Interdisciplinary Ecological Centre ( IÖZ ) has the Hans -Carl -von- Carlowitz Prize donated, which has been awarded since 2003. With the price outstanding work of students and young scientists as well as the work of Hans Carl von Carlowitz to be appreciated.
- 2003 - Myra Sequeira and Peter -Frederik Brenner
- 2004 - Sophia Schröter and Franziska Müller -Langer
- 2005 - Katja Bunzel
- 2006 - Beate Böhme
- 2007 - Katja terminal
- 2008 - Pierre Schmieder and Katja Heinke
- 2009 - Anne Katrin Schmukat
- 2010 - Tatsiana Piliptsevich
- 2011 - Marc Lüpfert
- 2012 - Susan Ehinger
Works
- Sylvicultura oeconomica. Leipzig, Brown in 1713 with the quote " nachhaltende use " on page 105 ( digitized SLUB Dresden, digitized version of the BSB Munich); Reprints: Freiberg, TU Freiberg and Academic Bookstore 2000 ( Ed. by Klaus Irmer and Angela Kiessling ), ISBN 3-86012-115-4; Remagen, boiler Publisher 2012 ( with an introduction by Jürgen Huss and Friederike von Gadow ), ISBN 978-3-941300-56-9; Munich, oekom verlag 2013 ( edited by Joachim Hamberger, bibliophile ed, editorial notes ), ISBN 978-3-86581-411-1 2nd edition: Leipzig, Brown 1732; Reprint: Remagen, boiler Verlag 2009, ISBN 978-3-941300-19-4