Hans Jantzen

Hans Jantzen ( born April 26, 1881 in Hamburg, † February 15, 1967 in Freiburg im Breisgau ) was a German art historian.

Life

Jantzen studied art history at the University of Halle and habilitated there with a thesis on ' color choice and color scheme in the Dutch painting of the 17th century ". In 1935, he was from Frankfurt am Main ( 1931-1935 ) was appointed to the Institute of Art History, University of Munich, where he taught alongside Wilhelm Pinder until the war ended. Jantzen was a supporting member of the SS and also a member of the National Socialist People's Welfare. On January 8, 1946, he was released because of its proximity to National Socialism, but reinstated on 28 February of the same year in his office. From 1945 until his retirement in 1951, he was professor and head of the art history seminar at the Ludwig- Maximilians- University of Munich.

Jantzen is regarded as the founders of modern Gothic research. The coined term from him diaphanie part of the basic vocabulary in the description and analysis of Gothic churches.

Hans Jantzen and the " diaphanous structure "

Hans Jantzen in 1927 coined the term a " diaphanous structure ". He pointed out that it matters in the gothic lighting and also in the construction of the wall, as if to put two shifts in a row: a sculptured and meaningful loaded front layer and an optical space shell behind it, which acts as a fund against which the front layer stands out. And this principle also meet the growing window. For them, the " Translucent " is alone by the light given, of the wall, this effect has to be constructed by the shell space only.

Jantzen sees " the ratio of the body's sculpted wall to the room behind parts as the ratio between body and reason. This means that the wall as the boundary of the entire nave interior is not comprehensible without the space base [ ... ] The room itself is basic as optical zone of the wall as it were deposited. In term, deposit ' to speak of the character of the relatedness of the body wall of the room floor. So want to say the concept of diaphanous structure that various parts of the room that are behind the wall body ( as the limit of the high ship ) intervene, in its capacity as pure visual appearance in the style form the nave wall. "

According to his theory, the nave is in its whole height of a space bowl surrounded with different depth stratification, with a basilica cross section in each floor different, but the principle of Zweischaligkeit will each maintained. It is not about brightness alone, but to make a shaped surface transparent. This function used by Jantzen's view in the Gothic Cathedral and the triforium and the gallery. Both ensure that a two-shell system designed in the Gothic wall. The principle of " diaphanous " is to be interpreted from the core of cultic process itself, which takes place in the cathedral during the service. In a paradox of space becomes a symbol of a spaceless, spiritual - metaphysical - state.

With the triforium exposed by almost the entire outer wall of the room can be resolved in light and color. The result is an expressive, expressive shone through screen - because between the upper window downstairs and a lower arcade basement, which had flow in from the aisle walls forth light, comes last, as the third member of cleared triforium. The inertial mass of the Romanesque wall have been revived in the Gothic period, the voltage of the space has been increased and the entire building into a system of intense imagery transforms ..

Writings

• Ottonian art. F. Bruckmann, Munich 1947. Re: Rowohlts German Encyclopedia, No. 89; Reinbek 1959.

• Advanced edition: Reimer, Berlin, 1987, ISBN 3-496-00898-9.