Heinrich Friedjung

Heinrich Friedjung ( born January 18, 1851 in Roschtin, Moravia, † July 14, 1920 in Vienna ) was an Austrian, German national historian, publicist and journalist.

Life

Heinrich Friedjung was born into a Jewish merchant family from Moravia, but was not a supporter of the Mosaic persuasion. He attended in Vienna, the Scots College and studied history at the universities of Prague and Berlin, among others, Theodor Mommsen and Leopold von Ranke. In 1867 he became a member of the fraternity Germania Prague. From 1873 to 1879 he taught history and German at the Vienna Commercial Academy, but was there dismissed for political reasons. Friedjung had in fact in 1877 under the title: published the Compromise with Hungary a study that underwent three editions within a year, and thus the public debate on the 1867 made ​​political agreements with Hungary coined strong. These were every ten years to adopt new, so Friedjung font just 1877 was particularly timely. He reached in the 1867 agreement signed with Hungary violently because it in his opinion the cisleithanische half of the empire even more damaged than the lost Battle of Hradec Kralove:

" In 1866, we were defeated by our own countrymen; what the lost a part of Germany, won the other. On the other hand, we have a 1867 joined to education and economic sense far below us standing people to whom we granted the hegemony in the political sense and the right to dispose of our military budget, so that in fact takes place to pay tribute to the Hungarian state. "

This spread with great media coverage polemic against their own government led to his dismissal as a teacher at the Business Academy.

From 1880 Friedjung was politically active. Together with Victor Adler and Georg von Schönerer 1882 he was one of the co-authors of the Linz program. 1883 to 1886 he was editor of the German weekly magazine and from 1886 to 1887 chief editor of the German newspaper, the official party organ of the German National Party. But a short time later left Friedjung, because of the anti-Austrian policy and the increasingly anti -Semitic tendencies, the German National Movement from 1891 to 1895 and was a member of the Vienna City Council. He continued to represent a liberal- centralist German emphasized policy which was also reflected in his works.

1909, there was a much-publicized process, was accused in the Friedjung and publicly exposed, to have acted in good faith used forged documents and sources that had been handed to him by the Foreign Minister Count Aehrenthal.

On the basis of reasoned Friedjung on behalf of the Minister in the editorial in the morning edition of the Neue Freie Presse on March 25, 1909 invasion of Austria -Hungary in Serbia, which was not done. A veritable international scandal was the result of this action by the Foreign Minister, Friedjung scientific reputation was ruined.

During the First World War was one Friedjung next to Richard von Kralik, Rudolf von Scala, Hans Over Berger, Eugene of Philippovich and Michael Hainisch the most prominent advocates of a Greater Germany Central Europe ( memorandum of German Austria ). After 1918, he advocated a " connection " solution to the German Reich. Heinrich Friedjung died, 69 - year, on 14 July 1920 in Vienna. He was a corresponding member of the Austrian Academy of Sciences and an honorary doctorate at the University of Heidelberg.

Writings (selection )

  • Emperor Charles IV and his share in the intellectual life of his time, Vienna 1876
  • The Compromise with Hungary. Political study of the relationship of Austria to Hungary and Germany, Leipzig 1876/77 (3 runs)
  • A piece of newspaper history, Vienna 1887
  • The struggle for supremacy in Germany from 1859 to 1866, Stuttgart- Berlin from 1897 to 1917 (10 editions)
  • Benedek's posthumous papers ( ed.), Leipzig 1901
  • The Crimean War and the Austrian policy, Stuttgart- Berlin 1911
  • Austria 1848-1860, Berlin 1908
  • Memorandum of German Austria, Vienna 1915
  • Custoza and Lissa. Insel Verlag, Leipzig 1915 - Austrian Library 3
  • The age of imperialism, 1884-1914, 3 vols, Berlin 1919-1923
  • Historical essays, Stuttgart- Berlin 1917-1919 (2 editions)
German nationalism in Austria Pundit Vienna Business School Cisleithania Linz Program of 1882 Neue Deutsche Biographie Integrated Authority File
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