Heinrich Leberecht Fleischer

Heinrich Leberecht Fleischer ( born February 21, 1801 in Schandau on the Elbe, † February 10, 1888 in Leipzig) was one of the founders of modern Arabic in Germany and one of the greatest orientalists of his time.

Life

Heinrich Leberecht Fleischer was born the son of a tax escort writer Johann Gottfried Fleischer and his wife Johanna Christiane balance, the daughter of a school teacher, in Schandau ( today Bad Schandau ) born. From 1814 to 1819 he attended the Bautzener Ratsgymnasium whose Rector Karl Gottfried Siebelis Classical philologist, editor of the works of Pausanias and also was an important educator, and proved to be a very gifted student. In 1819 he came to the University of Leipzig, where he first Classical Philology at Gottfried Hermann and Protestant theology at Georg Benedikt Winer studied, to then increasingly turn to oriental philology under Ernst Karl Rose Mueller.

In 1824 he went to passing the theological doctoral examination to Paris to operate with the eminent orientalist Silvestre de Sacy Arabic and Persian language studies. To earn his living, he had adopted through the agency of acquaintances in Leipzig a private tutor at the Marquis Armand de Caulaincourt. Except for Sacy, who introduced his talented students into the Société asiatique, he still attended lectures by Caussin de Perceval ( Vulgar Arabic), Antoine- Léonard de Chezy ( Persian) and Pierre Amédée Jaubert (Turkish ). In 1828 he returned to Saxony.

Following a stint at the Dresden Cross School from 1831 to 1835, he initially wanted to follow the call to a new professorship in Persian language at the University of Petersburg, but took over in the spring of 1836 when Rose Mueller's successor, the Department of Oriental Languages ​​at the Faculty of Philosophy, University of Leipzig. Until shortly before his death, he taught here, especially Arabic, usually starting from the Koran comment Baidawi, which he published in two volumes in 1846-1848. He attracted many students from all over Europe and North America. Almost every major Arabist and Orientalist of his time listening to him. He also had contacts with the representatives of the Arab "rebirth" ("An Nahda " ) in Lebanon.

Fleischer continued the tradition of Arabic continued in Leipzig, which had begun in 1724 with Johann Christian Clodius ( 1776-1745 ) and then Johann Jacob Reiske ( 1716-1774 ). Heinrich Leberecht Fleischer but led the Leipzig Arabic to an internationally respected reputation. He made the university into a European center of teaching and research of the Muslim culture. The University of Leipzig was the "Mecca of Arabists ."

As of 1853, the total of 487 volumes of Refaiya, a centuries-old manuscript collection of a Syrian family from Damascus with texts to the social and natural sciences, for the Leipzig University Library were purchased with substantial support Fleischer, making the library in the series of European libraries meaningful with a significant number oriental manuscripts aufrückte.

In September 1843 decision to create a union of Orientalists was made in Fleischer's apartment in St. Nicholas Street. Was on October 2, 1845 in Darmstadt then modeled after the Société asiatique in Paris, the German Oriental Society, based in Leipzig established, with its co-founders Heinrich Leberecht Fleischer and Indologist Hermann Brockhaus. The activities of its members are the languages ​​and cultures of the Orient, Asia, Oceania and Africa, and the relationships of these regions with each other and with neighboring regions.

Awards and honors

Memberships

  • Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres (since 1861)
  • Academy of Sciences in Berlin (since 1874)
  • Royal Netherlands Academy of Sciences
  • Bavarian Academy of Sciences
  • Göttingen Academy of Sciences
  • Hungarian Academy of Sciences
  • Royal Asiatic Society
  • American Oriental Society

Student

  • Carl Paul Caspari (1814-1892)
  • Friedrich Delitzsch (1850-1922)
  • Duveyrier Henri (1840-1892)
  • Ignaz Goldziher (1850-1921)
  • Martin Hartmann (1851-1918)
  • Emil Kautzsch (1841-1910)
  • Ludolf Krehl (1825-1901)
  • Otto Loth (1844-1881)
  • Friedrich August Müller (1848-1892)
  • Victor von Rosen (1849-1908)
  • Andreas Heinrich Thorbecke (1837-1890)
  • Johann Gottfried Wetzstein (1815-1905)
Johann Gottfried Jakob Hermann Johann Jakob Reiske Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland Henri Duveyrier Emil Friedrich Kautzsch Christoph Krehl Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie Neue Deutsche Biographie Integrated Authority File
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