Heinrich von Veldeke

Heinrich von Veldeke (* before 1150, † 1190-1200, Middle High German: Heinrich von Veldig, Limburg: Heinric van Veldeke, Dutch: Hendrik van Veldeke ) is mostly known in Germany as the Dutch- German poets of the 12th century and came from a noble race, a near Maastricht had its headquarters. In his native Limburg but especially revered by Veldeke as altlimburgischer poet.

• 4.1 expenditure

• 5.1 Eneasroman

Life

Heinrich von Veldeke was probably born around 1140/50; born before 1150 is probably because the manuscript of his novel Eneas was finished two-thirds in 1174. He emerged from a Ministerialengeschlecht, which is named after the village Veldeke west of Maastricht in present-day Belgium (Hs C). Possibly he had been trained to clerics, but then knew the court service. He was in the service of the Counts of Loon and Rieneck, which also held the castle county of Mainz. From a strictly historical point of view it would be wrong to assign Veldeke one nationality, as the States concerned did not exist in his time. So to call Veldeke as Dutch or German author, led in the course of research on aimless and unproductive debates, which included voice analysis as well as geographical and historical research. The problem these tests are especially because the biographical data are sown to the author extremely thin and linguistic analyzes have to go take a detour through the dialect of the respective authors of the manuscripts, deliver the Veldeke work to filter out common features that would point to a possible linguistic identity of an author but does not have to remain verifiable.

In Mainz he lived at Pentecost 1184 at the famous emperor festival that hosted Frederick I and his sons Heinrich Friedrich honor. He gives the patrons: the Countess Agnes of Loon and Margaret of Cleves and the later Landgrave Hermann of Thuringia, at whose court he completes the Eneit.

He probably died shortly before 1190 on the Neuchâtel in Freyburg ( Unstrut).

There is information about the theft of his finished novel manuscript to two-thirds in 1174, which he later received nine years in Thuringia and is expected to complete. However, there are no positive evidence for it. ( Eneit 352.26 et seq ), or from the fact that Wolfram von Eschenbach in the 8th book of Parzival, or about 1205, his death lamented ( 404.28 et seq.)

Status and education

About the Estates belonging Henry can not be made reliable information. In more recent research, he is almost always counted for ministeriality or knightly nobility, but this lacks any historical basis. The only criteria by which one wants to make this noble origin, are indicated in the literary tradition titles were like " master " or "her". However, the designation of a vernacular poet as " champions " or "her" can also aim only to the level of education and poetic mastery. With quite likely, however, can say today that Heinrich traversed from Veldeke a spiritual formation must, because he was probably the Latin language. This can be seen about the fact that he transferred the Servatius legend directly from Latin, while the Latin source has remained very loyal. Also, in some places of his main work, the Eneasromans, it is clear that Henry must have known the Latin tradition of this substance, as it in some places on his French main source, the Roman d' Eneas, go out and do this partly corrected. But whether Heinrich these additional skills related directly from the Latin works or from second or third hand, is uncertain. It is certain that he was French; its literary history main power is just it in the transfer of epic and lyric traditions of northern France in the German language area. The proximity of his home to the French -speaking world makes it seem possible that Henry's courtly education was more or less bilingual.

Coat of arms

Blazon: " oblique Shared by gold and red "

Language

Heinrich von Veldeke is praised by both the Dutch and the German literature as the first great writer of the respective literature. From the Servatius legend we have a manuscript from the 15th century that has been written in Middle Dutch language, and in addition also a fragment in the Maastricht dialect of the 13th century. Even one of his songs of love survives in its putative native dialect. But the significance of Henry of Veldeke for the Middle High German literature is much larger, mainly it is apparent that almost all songs of love, and be Eneasroman are to come only in Middle High German versions on us. In addition, Heinrich (eg, Wolfram von Eschenbach, Hartmann von Aue and Gottfried von Strasbourg) called by Veldeke by many German writers from the courtly period as the great example of German poetry.

The fact that the Servatius legend has been handed down to Middle Dutch, has meant that some philologists have assumed the Eneasroman must have been originally written by the author on Limburg. This has notably Otto Behaghel ( in his edition of 1882) and Theodor Frings and Gabriele sliding accommodated ( in its edition from 1964 to 1970 ) to reconstruct this lost original version of held for us the surviving manuscripts. This company is now regarded in the research to be very controversial, especially because we have no clear information as to which dialect has in Heinrich von Veldeke wrote the Eneasroman. There are good arguments for and against the Limburger hypothesis. It must not be forgotten that Henry was of Veldeke during his life in the service of mostly German nobles and has spent much time in Thuringia. Most modern researchers reject the Limburger reconstruction from and rely instead on the critical edition of Ludwig Ettmüller ( from 1852), which was published in 1997 new in another edition of Dieter Kartschoke, or they follow the diplomatic edition of the Berlin manuscript, Hans Fromm has prepared for 1992.

Works

Heinrich von Veldeke emerged as the epic poet and as a minstrel. The courtly love believes is characteristic of him; He is among the first to record the forms and motifs of the Provençal troubadour lyric.

• Servatius legend (6000 verses ): one resulting in excitation of the Countess Agnes of Loon before 1170 processing.
• Eneasroman ( 13,500 verses ), formerly called Aeneid or Eneit: completed 1187/89; With this work, he became the founder of the Middle High German courtly romance; Main source is not Virgil's Aeneid, but the anonymous traditional old French Roman d' Eneas ( 1160 ), which in turn is based on Virgil.
• Poetry: slightly more than 30 mostly einstrophige Minnelieder, eg " Ez sint guotiu niuwe Mare " (MF 56,1 v). The song " Heart Manigem ing the cold winter suffer " ( MFH 259.24 ) is now regarded as spurious ( ie it is not by Heinrich von Veldeke )

Expenditure

• Ettmüller, Ludwig Heinrich von Veldeke. (Seals in medieval Germany 8) Leipzig: GJ Goschen'sche Verlagshandlung, 1852.
• Heinrich von Veldeke, Eneas Kartschoke Dieter (ed ), 2nd edition. Leipzig:. Reclam, 1997 ( MHG text is after the issue of Ettmüller ) ISBN 3-15-008303-6
• Heinrich von Veldeke, Eneasroman. Hans Fromm ( ed. and translator's ). Frankfurt: German classic Verlag, 1992 ISBN 3-618-66040-5; . ISBN 3-618-66045-6
• Henric van Veldeken, Aeneid. Gabriele sliding and Theodor Frings ( ed.), 3 vols. ( German texts of the Middle Ages vols 58-59, 62), Berlin: Akademie Verlag, 1964-70. (Text in Volume 58, commentary in Volume 59, Glossary in Volume 62 )
• Heinrich von Veldeke, Aeneid. With introduction and notes. Otto Behaghel (eds ), 1882 [ reprint Hildesheim: Georg Olms, 1970 ].
• Minnesongs spring. Vol.1: Texts. Edited by Hugo Moser and Helmut Tervooren. 38 rev again. Edition Stuttgart 1988 ( XI, 1-37 = MF 56,168,6 Ps - Veldeke )

Transmission of the works

Eneasroman

From the 12th to the 15th century 14 is relevant for the Eneit products ( manuscripts and fragments ) are known. The earliest full text (around 1220-30 ) is with the illustrated manuscript SBB -PK, Ms. germ fol. 282 before. The full list of handwriting certification of the Eneas is as follows: