Henri-Alexandre Wallon
Henri -Alexandre Wallon ( born December 23, 1812 in Valenciennes, † November 13, 1904 in Paris) was a French historian and statesman. His key involvement in the formation of the Third Republic earned him the name "Father of the Republic" a. He is the grandfather of the psychologist and politician Henri Wallon.
Life
Wallon, who devoted himself initially a literary career, in 1840 professor at the École normale supérieure, under the auspices of Guizot. Him he owed his position at the Faculté des Lettres (Faculty of Humanities, based in the Sorbonne ) in 1846. His work on the question of slavery in the French colonies (1847 ), and in ancient times (1848, 1879) were crucial for its after the February Revolution (1848 ) was included in a commission for the regulation of working activity in the colonial possessions of France. In November 1849 he was elected to represent Guadeloupe in the National Assembly Legislative ( Legislative Assembly) of the Second Republic and asked to be allowed to use the former slaves Luisy Mathieu as his deputy. In 1850 he resigned, after he had the measures adopted by the majority of the Assembly to restrict the right to vote disapproves public. In the same year he was admitted to the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres, which chose him in 1873 to its secretary for life.
During the Second Empire Wallon withdrew from political life and devoted himself to his teaching as Geschichtspofessor and his historical writings, under which the biography of Richard II of England (1864 ) is noteworthy. Although he was throughout his life Republicans, a significant spiritual mind is in its publications of that time recognizable, for example, in his Joan of Arc (1860, second edition 1875). Other of his writings are still standard works of hagiography, including La vie de Norte Seigneur Jesus (1865 ), Ernest Renan's a response to Vie de Jesus, and Saint Louis et son temps (1871 ).
As Wallon again zuwendete the policy after the Franco-Prussian War, he was re-elected in 1871 as a representative of the department of Nord and again took an active part in the sessions of the National Assembly in part. Through his proposal to create a third party republic with a president elected for seven years for the duration and authorized for re-election, he went down in history. This proposal was adopted after heated debates on 30 January 1875 by the Assembly. "Ma proposition, " he verlautbarte, "ne pas la République proclame, elle fait la. " ( freely translated My suggestion is not the one who proclaimed the Republic, but the one who creates them! )
After the founding of the Third Republic Wallon brought as Education Minister concluded many reforms. However, the majority of the members of the Chamber of Deputies evaluated its stance as too conservative, whereupon Wallon went in May 1876 in retirement and turning back to his historical studies. He wrote four more fonts that are significantly less for their content, but rather for the documents contained therein:
- La Terreur (1873 )
- Histoire du Tribunal de Paris avec le journal revolutionnaire de ses actes (6 vols., 1880-1882 )
- La Revolution du 31 mai et le Fédéralisme en 1793 ( 2 vols., 1886)
- Les Représentants du peuple en mission et la justice dans les départements revolutionnaire (5 vols., 1880-1890 ).
Besides these, he published articles in the Journal des savants and wrote many years in the history of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres, for which he was compiling material and arranged.
Henri Wallon died in 1904 at the age of 91 years in Paris. He is buried in the cemetery Cimetière du Montparnasse.