Henry Norris Russell
Henry Norris Russell ( born October 25, 1877 in Oyster Bay, New York, † February 18, 1957 in Princeton, New Jersey) was an American astronomer.
Life and work
Around 1910, Russell and Ejnar Hertzsprung developed the Hertzsprung -Russell diagram.
, 1922 Russell, a system for constellations with a three-letter abbreviation of the Latin name of the constellation.
Along with Frederick Albert Saunders (1875-1963), he described in 1925 the Russell -Saunders coupling (see spin -orbit coupling, Hund's rules).
Along with Raymond Smith Dugan and John Quincy Stewart, he wrote a two-volume textbook, the second band, the idea of stellar state variables used, see Vogt- Russell theorem.
Russell confirmed in 1929 Cecilia Payne's discovery in 1925 that the sun is to the vast majority of hydrogen and helium, and determined the mass ratio to 3:1. Then spoke the Russian- North American physicist George Gamow the assumption that the energy source of the sun is to be sought in the fusion of four hydrogen nuclei, each a helium nucleus and calls the process nuclear fusion and hydrogen fusion ( hydrogen burning ). Gamow's conjecture was later found to be correct.
Publications
- Henry Norris Russell, Frederick Albert Saunders: New regularities in the Spectra of the Alkaline Earths. The Astrophysical Journal 61 (1925 ) 38
- Henry Norris Russell, Raymond Smith Dugan, John Quincy Stewart: Astronomy: A Revision of Young's Manual of Astronomy; Vol I: The Solar System; Vol II: Astrophysics and Stellar Astronomy, Ginn & Co., Boston, 1926-27, 1938, 1945.
- Henry Norris Russell: On the Composition of the Sun 's Atmosphere, ApJ 70, 1929.