Hergiswil
Hergiswil
Hergiswil is a municipality in the canton of Nidwalden in Switzerland.
- 5.1 traffic
- 6.1 Organisation
- 6.2 Elementary
- 6.3 Primary classes
- 6.4 secondary education ( ORS)
Name
The origin of the name Hergiswil is in the dark. See the villagers like an Old High German form of the term ' Lord's Hamlet' as the origin for the name of the village, so it is more likely that the name comes from a private individual. A man called elec- a landowner from Giswil could have been the namesake for the village. The suffix- wil occurs in more than 900 locations in Switzerland and means hamlet / city.
Geography
Hergiswil lies at the foot of Mount Pilatus on Lake Lucerne. The area of the municipality is 1699.6 hectares. Of the total municipal area only 29.3% can be used for agriculture. Other 44.4 % is covered by forest or woodland. As a settlement area one uses 9.7% of the municipal area; further 16.6% are non-productive area. The reason for the low proportion of agriculturally usable floor area and settlement is simple: the entire eastern slope of Mount Pilatus massif belongs to the municipality. This consists partly of rock and scree. This also explains the high proportion of forest and woodland. Both the Lopper - a hill Hergiswil and Alpnach separates - such as on the slopes of Mount Pilatus, there are large areas of protected forest. Thus, there is no erosion and no go snow avalanches and rock falls down to the place.
History
The name Hergiswil ( Hergenswile ) is first mentioned in a Habsburg deed to 1306. The reason was built on the HERGISWIL, since the 9th century the city belonged Lucerne and was purchased by the family of moss beginning of the 14th century. In 1378, the inhabitants of the small fishing village of Hergiswil bought freely with 700 guilders from the family of moss and were thus on November 17, 1378 an independent cooperative community ( Yrti ) of the Canton of Nidwalden.
In 1798 and subsequent years it came in Hergiswil repeated fighting between sub Waldnern and French and Helvetic troops. This led to tensions with the other municipalities in the canton because the Hergiswiler had surrendered to the French without a fight and bombarded the French from Hergiswil from Stansstad. In contrast to the remaining part of the canton the Hergiswiler were proeidgenössischer. Hergiswil been since the founding of Switzerland a liberal ( liberal ) stronghold. This is in contrast to the other communities Nidwalden, where the CVP dominated.
On January 1, 1906, the first telephone exchange was opened in Hergiswil. The village had at that time 11 telephone lines, today there are about 3800 connections.
Population
Demographics
The population grew strongly in 1769-1850. The high rate of natural increase and the establishment of Hergiswil Glassworks ( new residents ) were the main reasons for this. Between 1850 and 1900 the population grew only slowly. In this period of fifty years, it increased by 276 persons or 34.3 %. The high population of 1888 is due to the construction work Brünigbahn. This growth accelerated between 1900 and 1920. Those days of tourism came on in the community. From 1920 to 1970, the number of inhabitants then increased sharply ( from 1920 to 1970: 199.5 %). Within half a century they had tripled. The low taxes and proximity to the city of Lucerne (less than 10 km) played a key role. The number of newcomers meant that there were always more people who Lucerne felt closer than the Nidwaldner communities ' ennet the lake '. Hergiswil is today the only Nidwaldner community part of the agglomeration of Lucerne. Because of the tight construction land and the influx of affluent individuals, which led to strong increases in land prices, population growth from 1970 was slowed. In the 1970s, the population declined even. This had the consequence that the population from 1970 to 1990 increased by only 1.5%. The municipality then horizons located on the hillside agricultural land into additional living areas. At the same time the construction compacted in the previous residential areas. Single-family homes were demolished and created multi-family houses on the same reason. Because of the high rents due to the low taxes attracted more and more young families away. The populations aging. The community responded and built social housing for families with children and less well-off. This again led to the rejuvenation of the population and high population growth from 1990 (1990-2008: 22.9 % or 1014 persons).
Languages
The population speaks a high- Alemannic dialect. Nidwaldnerdeutsch is hardly spoken. By adapting the locals and the many new residents, the majority speaks a dialect stadtluzernischer embossed with a sprinkling of other dialects. Long-established Hergiswiler say for example still ' fRii ' and ' füüf ' for the words free and five - while the vast majority of immigrants as in the city of Lucerne ' frai ' and ' föif ' used. Almost the entire population speaks German as a daily vernacular. At the last census in 2000 gave 91.0 % German, 2.0% Italian and 1.1% French as the main language.
Religions - faiths
The population was formerly full member of the Roman Catholic Church. The confessional relations in 2000 can still recognize the original structure despite mixing. 3252 people were Catholic ( 68.41 %). There were 16.13 % and 0.65 % Reformed Evangelical Orthodox Christians, Muslims 1.96%, 0.23 % Jews and 7.91% non-religious. 164 people (3.45 %) did not respond to their creed. In Hergiswil there next to the Catholic Church of St. Nicholas and several chapels ( Rengg and Fräkmünt ) also a Reformed Church (1947 inaugurated ).
Origin - Nationality
Of the residents were end 2008 4655 ( 85.51 % ) Swiss nationals. The immigrants originate mainly from Central Europe ( Germany ), from southern Europe (Italy, Portugal and Spain) and the former Yugoslavia (Serbia, Montenegro, Kosovo, Croatia and Bosnia- Herzegovina), Turkey and Sri Lanka. At the 2000 census, 4199 people ( 88.33 %) were Swiss citizens; it possessed 242 people dual citizenship.
Age structure
The municipality has a high proportion of older people. While the proportion of people under twenty constitutes 17.46 % of the local population, 23.85% are seniors (60 years and older). The largest age group consists of the people between 30 to 44 years.
At the last census in 2000 showed the following age structure:
Economy
Main occupations were in former times farmers (mostly cattle ) and fishermen. From the 17th century were commercial enterprises such as brick cabins and sawmills to do so. Until the 19th century it remained that way. In addition to the below-mentioned glass factory were added to the construction industry and other small businesses with the road and railway construction. Larger employers are the polling company GfK Switzerland and the headquarters of the lift manufacturer Schindler as well as companies from the construction industry. At the same time a major tourist attraction is the Glasi Hergiswil founded in 1817 that manufactures handmade glass and in a museum illustrates the history of glass blowing exhibits.
In Hergiswil there was (2005) 2846 employees in 489 companies. 3.1% of employees in Hergiswil work in agriculture / forestry / fishing, 23.4% in trade and industry and 73.5% in services companies. The unemployment rate in 2007 was 1.24%.
In 2000, there were 2403 workers in Hergiswil. Of these, 941 ( 39.16 %) and 1462 Zupendelnde locals. The Zupendelnden came from all over the region. The largest contingent of people featured in the Canton of Lucerne ( about 40%); 39 % came from Nidwaldner communities; 14% of Obwalden. In the same year, 2658 people from Hergiswil were employed. Thus 1717 people worked in other communities. In the city of Lucerne commuted 533 persons ( = 31% of all Wegpendelnden ) to Stans 215 people, according to Kriens 130 people. Overall, only 18.5% commuted into other Nidwaldner communities. In contrast, 56 % in the Canton of Lucerne. Next 7 % worked in the Canton train, 5% in the canton of Obwalden (especially Sarnen and Alpnach ) and 4 % in the Canton of Zurich.
Traffic
The village was for large goods to reach to the middle of the 19th century only by boat or by Stansstad Lucerne ago. By land, there were only mule tracks over the Lopper to Obwalden or direction Horw and Kriens. After initial development Hergiswils in the years 1854-1858 through the construction of Brünigstraße, could also be reached by road to Hergiswil. This road leads from Lucerne through Hergiswil to Obwalden and from there via the Brünigpass in the Canton of Bern. Since the construction of Achereggbrücke over Lake Lucerne is also a road to the other municipalities in the canton of Nidwalden.
The construction of the Brünigbahn (1887-1889) Hergiswil was eventually also connected to the rail network. Since December 16, 1964 Hergiswil is also connected by rail with the rest of the canton. At that time the route Stanstad - Hergiswil Luzern -Stans -Engelberg -Bahn was opened. Both lines are now among the Central Railway, founded in 2005.
Today, a road network moves from about 34.5 km in length through the village. It is connected to the A2 motorway, which runs along since the 1970s around the village and clearly visible on a viaduct the Lopper to the south. Two train stations and a Schiffslände the shipping company of Lake Lucerne, close to the village to public transport in the region.
Train
Organization
With ballot on May 15, 2011, the merger of the independent bodies " Political community " and " school community " was decided. Since 23 May 2012, the school is part of the unified community, " community Hergiswil ». The school committee, consisting of two local councils and three other elected members of the electorate, is the strategic authority. The total principal and the school principal / interior are responsible for the operational implementation. The school secretary and the head of department property with his house Response Team to support school board and school administration. A mission statement captures the main principles and objectives of the school.
Elementary
In the basic stage (GS ) Kids can occur from the age of 4 ( date 30 June). It connects the first and second year of kindergarten and the first grade of primary school. The basic level generally lasts three years, the classes are of mixed ages. The children then enter the second year of primary school.
Primary classes
The 2nd - 6th primary classes are ever in the school building and Matt in the schoolhouse village. You will be guided age- mixed part. Classes, levels, schools and the whole primary school work closely together.
Secondary education ( ORS)
In the school house Grossmatt the cooperative orientation school is run with the master classes A and B. The subjects of mathematics, English and French are taught in levels A and B; Election offers for all classes complement the compulsory lessons.
Attractions
- The Sigristenhaus from the late 15th century is one of the oldest surviving wooden buildings in central Switzerland.
- The neighboring church of St. Nicholas is a report prepared in the Byzantine style building from the years 1855 to 1857.
- The " Glasi ," glass works with a museum, glass maze, water park, among other things
Personalities
- Reto Schmidiger (* 1991), Slalom Junior World Champion 2010 and 2011
- David Zibung ( born 1984 ), goalkeeper of FC Luzern
- Michael Steiner (born 1969 ), Swiss filmmaker
- Evelyne Binsack (* 1967), extreme mountaineer