Hermann Friedrich Stannius

Hermann Stannius ( born March 15, 1808 in Hamburg, † January 15, 1883 in the clinic Sachsenbergstraße at Schwerin; Complete name: Hermann Friedrich Stannius ) was a German physician, zoologist, anatomist and physiologist.

Life

Hermann was the son of Stannius in Neugattersleben born in Magdeburg merchant Johann Wilhelm Julius Stannius (1777-1813), who came to Hamburg in 1798, and the Hamburg-born wife Johanna Flügge ( 1782-1862 ). The father, Johann Wilhelm died early, on 13 November 1813. His wife Johanna died on 18 August 1862. Hermann Friedrich had two brothers and two sisters. Stannius attended the grammar school of Johanneums in Hamburg and was entered on May 1, 1825 the Universitätsmatrikel the Academic Gymnasium in Hamburg as a student of medicine. From 1828, he studied in Heidelberg, Berlin and Breslau. On November 26, 1831, he was at the University of Breslau ( Universitas Leopoldina ) with the work of De speciebus nonnulis generis Mycetophilia vel vel novis doctorate minus Cognitis.

Even in Breslau he edited the contributions to entomology, together with the local teacher Theodor Emil cheat (1786-1848) in 1832. He then returned to Berlin and practiced from 1833 to 1837 as an assistant physician at Frederick Municipal Hospital. He was also in a practice in the town operates, operation, inter alia, further research on insects ( Entomology ) and anatomical pathology and wrote the textbook of general pathology, whose first part appeared in 1837 and it gereichte to habilitation. In addition, he published in 1836 in Berlin The history of cholera until her first appearance in France and translated from the English Sir James Clark ( 1788-1870 ) book on the phthisis or pulmonary tuberculosis A Treatise on Tubercular phthisis of 1834.

After the death of Samuel Gottlieb Vogel's 1837 which freed- Chair at the University of Rostock by Hermann Stannius was occupied. He taught at the Faculty of small comparative anatomy, physiology and general pathology. In June of 1838, his interests were incorporated under a Zootomisch - physiological institute, which was initially housed in his home and later in a new building behind the main university building. In the meantime, he was rector of the University of Rostock and led a very active scientific activity until 1854. He was also a member of the Grand Ducal Mecklenburg -Schwerin Medical- College in Rostock and was from 1860 the title Obermedizinalrat. By 1854, a neurological disease became symptomatic, which was also associated with mental disorders and in 1862 that forced him to give up his activities in Rostock. He spent the rest of his life in a psychiatric hospital in Endenich near Bonn and later in the hospital Sachsenbergstraße at Schwerin.

Scientific Work

Stannius is the author of the second volume of a textbook of comparative anatomy of vertebrates of 1846. Amongst others he worked on the nervous system of sturgeons and dolphins (1846 and 1849 ) and research on the pharmacological effects of strychnine (1837 ) and digitalis ( 1851). With his longtime friend, the Göttingen anatomist, zoologist and physiologist Rudolf Wagner (1805-1864) he edited a dictionary of physiology. From the Carl von Siebold (1804-1885) and Hermann Stannius justified Handbook of Zootomie appeared edited by Stannius part, Handbook of vertebrates in 2nd edition in 1854 and the associated second book, Zootomie of amphibians.

The comparative anatomy - he called them Zootomie - was his major area, so he received from the zoologist Henrik Nikolai Krøyer (1799-1870) a walrus skull ( Odobenus rosmarus ), whose description he published in 1842. These and other objects of study are partly still in the Zoological Collection of the University of Rostock. Excursions and trips led him in 1838 to the island of Helgoland ( at that time still part of the United Kingdom ), to Hamburg, Copenhagen, 1851 in the rest of Denmark, and in 1857 to Holland.

It is also known Stannius ligature and his work on the conduction system of the vertebrate heart, especially of amphibians. In the Stannius ligature is placed a noose at the level between the atrium and ventricle, and this tightened. The sinus node activity is stopped by the subsequent stimulus line sections, more or less effective.

The Stanniusschen bodies, part of the endocrine organs in fish, are named after him. It is an endocrine organ of the fish that ventro - caudal to the renal parenchyma rests or is embedded in this and in Osmorregulation and the calcium and phosphate regulation plays a role. Further, it is, in fish, the site of synthesis of stanniocalcin (STC ).

Ehrentaxon

The type Valdivianemertes stannii ( Grube, 1840) was also named after him.

Writings (selection )

  • De speciebus nonnullis generis Mycethophila vel vel minus novis Cognitis. Bratislava, 1831st (dissertation)
  • The euro scopic types of Zweyfluglergattung Dolichopus. Isis Oken 1831: 28-68, 122-144, 248-271, 1831st
  • With TE cheat: contributions to entomology, particularly in terms of Silesia. Breslau, 1832.
  • On the influence of the nerves on the blood circulation. Froriep 's notes from the field of science and medicine, 1833, 36: 246-248.
  • On Some anomalies of insects. Muller's Archives of Anatomy, Physiology and Scientific Medicine, Berlin, 1835: 295-310.
  • General pathology. Berlin, I, 1837.
  • About the action of strychnine on the nervous system. Archive for anatomy, physiology and scientific medicine, Berlin, 1837: 223-236.
  • About adrenal glands in elasmobranchs. Archive for anatomy, physiology and scientific medicine, Berlin, 1839: 97-101.
  • About pathological occlusion of large venous trunks. Berlin, 1839.
  • About lymph hearts of birds. Archive for anatomy, physiology and scientific medicine, Berlin, 1843: 449-452.
  • Treatises in the field of natural sciences. Hamburg, 1846, I: 1-16.
  • Remarks on the relation of Ganoids to the clupeids. Rostock, 1846.
  • Contributions to the knowledge of the American manatee 's. Rostock, 1846.
  • Carl Theodor von Siebold: Investigations on Muskelreizbarkeit. Archive for anatomy, physiology and scientific medicine, Berlin, 1847: 443-462. So 1849: 588-592.
  • Essay on the function of the tongue nerves, Archives of Anatomy, Physiology and Scientific Medicine, Berlin, 1848.
  • Contributions to the History of enchondroma. Archive for anatomy, physiology and scientific medicine, Berlin, 1848.
  • The peripheral nervous system of fish, anatomically and physiologically investigated. Rostock, 1849, doi:. 10.5962/bhl.title.9079
  • About one of the thymus gland in teleosts appropriate. Archive for anatomy, physiology and scientific medicine, Berlin, 1850.
  • Over division of primitive tubes in the trunks, branches and twigs of the nerve. Archives of Physiological Medicine, Stuttgart, 1850; IX.
  • Experiments on the elimination of the kidneys. Archives of Physiological Medicine, Stuttgart, 1850; IX.
  • Concerning the action of digitalis and digitalis. Archives of Physiological Medicine, Stuttgart, 1851, 10: 177-209.
  • Two series of physiological experiments. Archive for anatomy, physiology and scientific medicine, Berlin, 1852: 85-100.
  • Studies on efficiency of the muscles and rigor mortis. Archives of Physiological Medicine, Stuttgart, 1852; XI.
  • Observations on regeneration processes in the animal organism. Rostock, 1853.
  • Manual of the Anatomy of Vertebrates Volume 1 Veit, 1854 doi: 10.5962/bhl.title.11795
  • Doi Handbook of Zootomie Volume 2 Veit, 1854: Carl Theodor von Siebold 10.5962/bhl.title.10711
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