Hesse-Nassau

The Prussian province of Hesse -Nassau in 1868 was annexed by Prussia in 1866 the countries of the Electorate of Hesse and Nassau, the county Biedenkopf ( Hessian hinterland ) of the Grand Duchy of Hesse and the Free City of Frankfurt emerged. It included the northern and central part of today's federal state of Hesse, in Upper Hesse, however, was incorporated, a province of the Grand Duchy of Hesse ( Hesse -Darmstadt ). Furthermore belonged to Hessen- Nassau parts of the present day states of Rhineland -Palatinate, Saxony and Thuringia. The province existed until 1944. The largest cities were Frankfurt am Main, Kassel ( provincial capital ) and Wiesbaden. The province had an area of ​​15,700 km ² and (1905 ) more than two million inhabitants.

  • 6.1 Region of Wiesbaden (Nassau ) 6.1.1 City circles
  • 6.1.2 City circles
  • 6.1.3 counties
  • 6.1.4 counties
  • 6.2.1 City circles
  • 6.2.2 City circles
  • 6.2.3 counties
  • 6.2.4 counties

Area and population

16,845 km ²; 2,688,922 inhabitants ( March 1939 )

Establishment of the province

After the German War of 1866 the electorate of Hesse arrived ( residence city of Kassel ), the Duchy of Nassau ( residence city of Wiesbaden ), the Free City of Frankfurt and the Bavarian authorities Gersfeld and Orb under Prussian rule. Furthermore, the Grand Duchy of Hesse had the circle Biedenkopf, the so-called Hessian hinterland, as well as the recently acquired Hesse- Homburg cede to Prussia, but it was previously Hessian Bad Nauheim.

Since the location in the middle of Hesse, former free imperial city of Wetzlar Beginning in 1815 became Prussian and 1822 county seat of the newly created Prussian district of Wetzlar, she remained in the Region of Koblenz, the Rhine province. It was only on October 1, 1932 the city and county Wetzlar were incorporated in the administrative district of Wiesbaden, the province of Hesse-Nassau.

The new Prussian territories were first combined in the districts of Cassel and Wiesbaden under a provisional Prussian Prefect in Cassel.

On December 7, 1868 from this arose the new Prussian province of Hesse -Nassau. It was divided - as in Prussia usual - in urban districts and rural districts.

Insignia

The colors of the flag of the province were, from top to bottom, red-white- blue, identical to the flag of the Netherlands. The Duchy of Nassau is the ancestral homeland of the royal house of the Netherlands.

The coat of arms is divided into three parts and shows the coat of arms of the three annexed states: clockwise (viewed from the support ) of winning, silver-red striated Lion of the Electorate of Hesse, left a crowned golden lion, as the first in the blue area of Nassau, in the red tip of the gold armored silver eagle of the Free City of Frankfurt.

Policy

Oberpräsident

The Chief Minister was the chief administrator of a Prussian province. As with the top officials of the government districts, the provincial government, they were appointed by the Prussian state government or by the King. The population of the province had no influence on the choice of the upper president.

Communal land days

Not represented at 100 % missing = in local diets nominations

Cities

By far the largest city in the province was the former capital of Frankfurt am Main. Although most other major cities also were in the densely populated, commercial and industrial embossed Rhine -Main area in the extreme south of the province of Hesse -Nassau was ruled by Kassel in the extreme north of the province.

  • Source: gemeindeverzeichnis.de

Administrative divisions of the province of Hesse -Nassau

The province was divided in accordance with the limits of the 1866 occupied states into two administrative districts. The district Wiesbaden included the former area of Nassau, Frankfurt and of the Grand Duchy of Hesse belonging Hessian hinterland ( district Biedenkopf ). The Region of Kassel continued the territory of the Electorate of Hesse, 1929 came the Free State of Waldeck.

District Wiesbaden (Nassau )

Urban districts

Urban districts

Counties

Counties

Regierungsbezirk Kassel ( Hesse-Cassel )

Urban districts

Urban districts

Counties

Counties

Administrative reforms

In 1886, the city of Hanau was acyclic. The main group was divided on 31 March 1886 in the new counties Wiesbaden and maximum.

The district of Frankfurt was disbanded on 1 April 1910, when all the churches of the circle to Frankfurt am Main were incorporated.

City, county and administrative district of Cassel led since December 4, 1926 her name with K at the beginning. On April 1, 1928, the urban districts of Wiesbaden and Frankfurt am Main enlarged by incorporations, including the major cities Höchst am Main and Biebrich. From the remains of the counties maximum am Main and Wiesbaden, the new Main- Taunus-Kreis originated. Maximum, now a district of Frankfurt, but remained until 1987, the administrative seat of the new county. The Free State of Waldeck was incorporated after a referendum held on 1 April 1929 in the Free State of Prussia and assigned to the Region of Kassel. At the same time the towns of Fulda, Marburg an der Lahn were acyclic.

On October 1, 1932, the district Wetzlar from the Rhine Province, Region of Koblenz, to the province of Hesse -Nassau and the district Wiesbaden, while the circle County Schaumburg, former county Rinteln, from the province of Hesse -Nassau, Region of Kassel, in the province Hanover and the Hanover district government was incorporated. For two isolated location of circles ( enclaves ) were incorporated in the provinces surrounding it. Due to the specifications in the saving ordinances of the President, the circles Gersfeld, Homberg, church grove, Westerburg and Usingen were dissolved and merged with the neighboring districts.

From 1 February 1942, the former waldeckischen counties of the Eder, the Eisenberg and Twiste formed the new Waldeck based in Korbach.

On July 1, 1944, the province of Hesse -Nassau was divided based on Defense of the Reich districts and the districts of the NSDAP in the new provinces Electoral Hesse and Nassau. It moved from the province of Hesse-Cassel the circle of Schmalkalden to the governmental district of Erfurt in Saxony province and the urban district of Hanau and the districts of Hanau, Gelnhausen and Schlüchtern in the new province of Nassau.

For Oberpräsident in Wiesbaden Rally Jakob Sprenger was appointed in Darmstadt for the province of Nassau kingdom and Gauleiter. The Gau Hessen- Nassau included but still Frankfurt, Nassau and Hesse -Darmstadt. The district Kassel was the Gau Hesse-Cassel.

With the Vice President of the business of the top in Kassel for the province of Hesse-Cassel the Gauleiter Karl Gerland was commissioned in Kassel.

The largest part of the province of Hesse -Nassau in 1945 part of the American occupation zone. However, the western part of the district of Wiesbaden fell to the French occupation zone, namely the circles top and bottom Westerwald, lower Lahn and St. Goar.

The American-occupied parts of the country were united on September 19, 1945, the People's State of Hesse to the country "Greater Hesse ", which was renamed after the adoption of the new constitution on December 1, 1946 in Hesse. Within the new state of Hesse passed the first two - former Prussian - Regierungsbezirke Kassel and Wiesbaden, further, furthermore, the administrative district Darmstadt, the "People's State of Hesse " included the right-bank part of.

The French occupation forces united the northern part of their territory, including the mentioned Nassau counties, the state of Rhineland -Palatinate. There, this area was the administrative district of Montabaur, in 1968 part of the district of Koblenz.

The former exclave Schmalkalden Beginning in 1944 mandated by the annexation to the administrative district of Erfurt, Thuringia Reich Governor Fritz Sauckel and in 1945 it was finally part of the new state of Thuringia.

Others

After the province are the K.D.St.V. Hasso Nassovia Frankfurt am Main and the Corps Hasso Nassovia Marburg named. Her students included the coat of arms lion Hessen- Nassau and Hesse-Cassel. 1913 borrowed from the Catholic Student Association Hasso Nassovia her Couleur the Hessian colors.

Corps Hasso Nassovia

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