Hieracium piloselloides
Florentine hawkweed ( Pilosella piloselloides )
The Florentine hawkweed ( Pilosella piloselloides ) is a species of the genus ( Pilosella ) in the sunflower family ( Asteraceae). Approximately four types are common in Europe.
Description
The Florentine hawkweed grows as overwintering green, perennial herbaceous plant, reaching heights of growth from 20 to usually 25 to 80 centimeters. It makes no spurs, but sometimes one finds streamer -like side shoots. The stem is branched at most above. Most leaves are arranged in rosettes undergraduate and usually only one to three, rarely four are alternate on the stem distributed. The basal leaves are loose hairy steifborstig, coarse, blue and green spatulate to linear - lanceolate. In its heyday, one finds trichomes but only at the edge and lower side of the midrib. The lower leaf surface may be loose stellate hairs or sternhaarlos.
The flowering period extends from May to June. The first more or less crowded doldige or rarely Rispige, looser later branched total inflorescence usually contains 10 to 30 ( 5 to 80 ) basket- shaped part inflorescences. The dark green to black bracts have a barely visible to very broad bright edge and are bald hairless to sparsely hairy; there are sparse to abundant glands and not to a few flakes present. The flower heads contain only ray florets. The five lobe ligulate flowers are pure yellow.
Similar Species
Similarly, the meadow hawkweed ( Pilosella caespitosa ( Dumort. ) PDSell & C.West ), the Trugdoldige hawkweed ( Pilosella cymosa (L.) FWSchultz & Sch. Bip. ) And especially the Hungarian hawkweed ( Pilosella are Bauhini ( Schult. ) Arv. - Touv. ). All three species form in contrast to the Florentine hawkweed foothills. In the meadows and the Trugdoldigen Hawkweed the basal leaves are more or less grass green and hairy on both sides around the area.
Ecology
The Florentine hawkweed is a semi- rosette plant and a Hemikryptophyt. It is a full- light plant ( light number 9 ), which grows only to sunny places with not less than 50 % relative illumination.
Occurrence
The Florentine hawkweed is an originally purely European style with submeridional to boreal distribution. In submeridionalen to boreal eastern North America it is a neophyte.
In Germany the spread of the south decreases to the north. The Florentine hawkweed is widespread in South and Central Bavaria, Baden- Württemberg and in the south of North Rhine -Westphalia, scattered in northern Bavaria, Rhineland -Palatinate, Hesse, Thuringia, Saxony and southern Saxony -Anhalt, Bremen and in the southeastern Lower Saxony and northern North -Westphalia, northern Saxony -Anhalt, Saxony and rare in northeastern Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. In Schleswig- Holstein the Florentine hawkweed seems to have died.
The Florentine hawkweed grows best on moderately warm to hot locations with dry to fresh, weak dibasic dibasic to nitrogen- poor soils. It grows in premolars Xerothermrasen, dry bushes hemming, in light Vorwäldern and dry to moderately dry waste places such as railway embankments, gravel pits, quarries or open pit mines. In the foothills of the Alps you will find the hawkweed in alternating dry river gravels. Typical plant communities in which they are found, the Florentine hawkweed associations Mesobromion ( sub-Mediterranean calcareous dry grassland ), Geranion sanguinei ( xerotherm hem Society), Thero - Airion ( Kleinschmielenrasen ) Dauco - Melilotion ( sweet clover corridors ) Convolvulo - Agropyrion repentis ( couch grass semi-arid grassland ) and Epilobion fleischeri (Alpine to montane Flussalluvionen society).
System
The first publication was in 1779 under the name ( basionym ) Hieracium piloselloides by Dominique Villars de l' Histoire in Prospectus des Plantes de Dauphiné, p 34 The recombination to Pilosella piloselloides ( Vill. ) Soják was made in 1971 by Jiří Soják in Preslia, Volume 43, p 185
There are 2007/8 four accepted subspecies of the species Pilosella piloselloides:
- Pilosella piloselloides ( Vill. ) Soják subsp. piloselloides
- Pilosella piloselloides subsp. floccosa ( Naegeli & Peter ) S.Bräut. Greuter &
- Pilosella piloselloides subsp. praealta ( Gochnat ) S.Bräut. Greuter &
- Pilosella piloselloides subsp. rubrobauhini ( Schelk. & Zahn ) S.Bräut. Greuter &