Hilla von Rebay

48.128387.8118Koordinaten: 48 ° 7 ' 42 "N, 7 ° 48 ' 42" O

Hilla Rebay ( born May 31, 1890 in Strasbourg as Hildegard Anna Augusta Elisabeth Rebay von Baroness honor meadows; † September 27, 1967 in Westport, Connecticut, United States) was a German painter and founding director of the Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation in New York. She was one of the few female painters of abstract images at the beginning of the 20th century and helped the abstract paintings of an international breakthrough.

Life

Study and first contacts in the art scene in Berlin

1907-1913 studied painting in Paris, Rebay ( Académie Julian ) and Munich, where they connect to the painters of the plaice (Fritz Erler, Leo Putz and others) and the Secession was based. In addition, she joined an acquaintance with Georges Braque. During this time made ​​exhibitions in Cologne Kunstverein (1912 ) and in Munich. In 1916 she met Hans Arp in Zurich. Then she moved in Berlin within the group of artists around Herwarth Walden's gallery and magazine " Der Sturm", and became friends with Rudolf Bauer, Otto Nebel and Wassily Kandinsky. She was a member of the November group in Berlin. In 1923 she founded together with Otto Nebel and Rudolf Bauer, the artist group The crater. In 1925, she traveled to Italy for a long time. She was interested in as well as Kandinsky also for issues such as Theosophy and spirituality and visited in Berlin around 1904 courses at Rudolf Steiner on the subject.

New York

In 1927 she went to New York, where she met 1928 Solomon R. Guggenheim. You won his confidence, while his relationship with his family, especially to Peggy Guggenheim, was rather tense.

In 1929, Rudolf Bauer founded in Berlin, the Museum of Non-Objective Painting: " The Witty " - which was supported on the advice of Hilla Rebay strongly of Solomon R. Guggenheim. Hilla Rebay was until it came to the break, a close friend of Rudolf Bauer. They overestimated his artistic achievements. This is hard to explain because it determined at the beginning and artistically it is responsible construction of the collection of Irene and Solomon R. Guggenheim next to the pictures Bauers all (initially exclusively abstract ) shopped images of modernity that the eventual glory of the Guggenheim Museum justified.

In 1936 she organized the traveling exhibition of non -objective art ( Non-Objective Art). A year later, the Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation was founded. 1939 was followed by the opening of the first Museum of Non - Objective Painting / Art of Tomorrow in Manhattan, New York City ( 24 East 54th Street ). She supported the experimental film and the synaesthetic art. During the Second World War Hilla Rebay encouraged many artists remained in Europe from its own resources and through purchases of images.

1943 Hilla Rebay began along with the selected one of her architect Frank Lloyd Wright, the planning of today's Guggenheim Museum, 1071 Fifth Avenue, New York City, after Wassily Kandinsky and Gertrud Grunow's projects. Here, too, their influence was decisive. So the famous snail form seems to go back on it. They also insisted the Guggenheim Museum to highlight white and not red, as planned by Frank Lloyd Wright.

1947, Rebay the American citizenship. Solomon R. Guggenheim died in 1949. Hilla Rebay thereby lost any support in the Guggenheim family and at the Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation. In 1952 she therefore had to give up their line function. 1959 opening of the Guggenheim Museum, she was not even invited. Embittered, she withdrew from the public and never set foot in the museum. The rest of her life she spent in her estate in Greens Farms, a suburb of Westport, Connecticut. She died there in 1967.

Memory

At her request, she was buried in the family grave in Teningen, where the family had moved in 1919; in the former home of the family is a memorial; H. von Rebay 1938 had given the house of the community.

Since 1983 is the basic biography of Joan Lukach: Hilla Rebay: In Search of the Spirit in kind before - the title is a clear reference to Kandinsky's book Concerning the Spiritual in Art, from which she was very affected.

2005 was followed by a memorial exhibition at the Guggenheim Museum; this was seen in 2006 in the Villa Stuck in Munich, together with the biographical film The Baroness and the Guggenheim by Sigrid Faltin.

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