Hinterrhein, Switzerland
Behind Rhine GR
Behind the Rhine (Romansh Valragn ) is a municipality in the district Rhein forest in background Rhine district in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.
History
The community is the first place on the back of the Rhine and the starting point for San Bernardino, the pass, the first recorded in 942 as mons avium, later Vogelsberg and from 1500 St. Bernardine is called. The Ecclesia Sancti Petri de Reno (which is a listed Reformed village church ) Beginning in 1219 the property of the lords of Sax - Misox.
Around 1270 the first Walser from Formazza came across the Misox by Rhine. This background Rhine became the oldest Walser settlement in Graubünden. 1274 signed two settlers from Hinterrhein a vassal treaty with the Lord of Sax - Misox. But Baron Walter IV of Vaz, who owned the Shams and more populated area of novels to Spliigen as episcopal fief in 1277 sought a protection treaty with the Theutunici of Rhine. 1286 handed the pen of San Vittore colonists Hinterrhein the ground in the valley as a hereditary fief for an annual interest rate of 16 pounds. This obligation to pay interest was replaced in 1773 with 100 lire di Milano. This Erblehensvertrag calls of 16 colonists their origin: Formazza ( Pomatt ), Simplon, Brig, Valle Maggia. The term Walser came into this area for the first time in 1599.
The construction of the commercial route from Chur to Bellinzona 1820 and the opening of the Gotthard Railway in 1882 the rear Rheinermark lost the source of income from the many centuries exercised as from trade. From the time of mule trains comes the Old Landbrugg over the Rhine. Thanks to the 1967 opened San Bernardino road tunnel behind the Rhine is today both in summer and in winter easily accessible from the north and south. Milan and Zurich can be reached in two hours.
In 1995, the school in Hinter Rhine was dissolved, the children go to school since then in Spliigen.
Population
Since the community is inhabited by the Walser people since the Middle Ages, it belongs to the German for centuries Municipalities of the canton of Grisons. German is the only language authorities. From the end of 2005, 97 residents were 74 ( = 76 % ) Swiss nationals.
Economy
Agriculture
In Hinterrhein one lives mostly on agriculture. In the summer, around 100 goats being driven through the village to the pasture. Milk and meat are processed into organic products.
Tourism
Behind the Rhine is a popular starting point for walks ( Valserberg to Vals GR, San Bernardino Pass to San Bernardino via Zapporthütte on the Haute Route to Ticino and the Canal gap after Zervreila into the Valsertal. ) The ski tour to the " Chilchalphora " ( 3038 m ) speaks more and more ski tourists. In Hinterrhein few guest rooms and apartments are rented.
On the territory of the municipality, in the valley east of the village, there is an approximately 2.5 km large tank firing range of the Swiss Army.