History of Malaysia

The history of Malaysia comprises the history of the area of the present state Malaysia.

From the early years to 1500

Since 500 the importance of the Straits of Malacca and its ports grew for overseas trade Europe, India and China. At present, the heyday of the Buddhist Srivijaya dynasty, around 800, Buddhism and Hinduism spread to the Malay Peninsula. 1400 was the first Malay Kingdom of Malacca, which is still in a dependent relationship with Siam (now Thailand) stood. Arab, Persian and Indian traders introduced Islam in 1414 on the Malay Peninsula. Buddhism and Hinduism were largely suppressed.

European influence and colonial conquest

1511 Malacca was conquered by the Portuguese. These were sold in 1641 by the Dutch, who had formed an alliance with the Sultan of Johore, from Malacca. 1786 acquired the British the island of Penang. In 1795, the British expelled the Dutch final. Malaya was a British colony and part of the Straits Settlements. In 1895, Perak, Selangor, Negri Sembilan and Pahang joined together in a federation, the Federated Malay States.

From the Japanese occupation until independence

During the Second World War, Japanese troops occupied in early 1942 Malaysia. 1945 Allied troops conquered Malaya back by the Japanese army.

In March 1946, the Malay nationalism in the Alliance, whose successor is the present ruling coalition Barisan Nasional organized. It came to the establishment of the Federation of Malaya on February 1, 1948.

A law restricting the unions provoked the 1948 communist resistance. From 1949 to 1960 there came to political, ethnic and economic unrest as well as to local guerrilla activities in the north of the country. On 31 August 1957, the Federation of Malaya was finally granted independence ( Hari Merdeka → see also decolonization # Asia).

Consolidation of the national territory

There were plans to extend the Federation on the still under British rule areas in Singapore, Sarawak, Brunei and Sabah, which was investigated by the Cobbold Commission. These were rejected by Brunei on December 7, 1962. As the Philippines made ​​legal claims on Sabah claim on August 5, 1963, they turned so against the proposed confederation and submitted complaint to the International Court of Justice. On September 16, 1963, Indonesia also faced the integration of lying on the island of Borneo states of Sarawak and Sabah in the proposed Federation, supported the Philippines in their claim and began the Konfrontasi. The Federation of Malaya was extended by yet Sarawak and Sabah as well as Singapore. The new confederation was called the Federation of Malaysia. Brunei was a British protectorate and was on 1 January 1984 regardless.

No agreement could be reached on the allocation of state revenues and have an adequate representation of the Chinese in the government, Singapore left the Federation on 9 August 1965, declared its independence. Indonesia ended the Konfrontasi 1966.

Development since the 60s

On May 13, 1969 shook ethnic conflict between the dominant Malays and the minority Chinese, the capital Kuala Lumpur. The government declared a state of emergency.

On July 16, 1981 Mahathir bin Mohamad was ( born 1925 ) Prime Minister. In February 1986, there was another religious riots between Muslims and Christians in the state of Sabah.

Died in 1990 Tunku Abdul Rahman (* 1903), the first Prime Minister and the "father" of the Malaysian Federation. In 1992, the position of power of the sultans in the states to a conflict with the government. The Parliament then decided on 19 January 1993, the abolition of the privileges of the sultans. The severe economic and financial crisis in Asia in 1997 led to a sharp fall of the Malaysian Ringgit currency.

On 31 October 2003 Abdullah Ahmad Badawi became the new head of government.

Ten million voters voted on 21 March 2004, a new Parliament. The Barisan Nasional coalition government of Prime Minister Abdullah Ahmad Badawi went as expected again emerged as the winner. At the same time the country held parliamentary elections in twelve states in which the radical Islamic Parti Islam Se - Malaysia ( PAS short ) was defeated and lost one of its two constituent states.

On March 8, again in 2008 Parliamentary elections were held in Malaysia, where Barisan Nasional again the strongest force was, while the opposition parties joined forces to form the coalition Pakatan Rakyat.

On 3 April 2009, Najib Razak took over the premiership.

The opposition gained strength in Malaysia figured out for good opportunities to bring in the parliamentary elections on May 5, first time in 2013 in the history of Malaysia a change of government; ultimately, however, failed her despite significant vote gains to break the absolute majority of the coalition government of Najib Razak.

Malaysia is influenced by population growth. This growth was 2.01 % in 2000; since it sank (2010: 1.61%; 2012: 1.54 %). From 2000 (21.793.290) to 2012 (29.179.950), the population grew by 33.9 percent ( 7.38666 million people ). The population density was 88.47 inhabitants in 2012 / square kilometer.

Swell

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Disputed territories: Abkhazia | Nagorno Karabakh | South Ossetia | Taiwan | Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

History of the states of: Africa | Europe | North America | Oceania | South America

  • Malaysian history
  • Southeast Asian History
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