Hole punch

A punch (or perforator ) is a tool in the office to punch in a defined distance from holes in the edge of the paper sheet. Purpose of the holes is the filing of the paper in a file folder, loose-leaf binders or scheduler.

The punch is a punch. Presented a punch for a thicker stack of paper no longer sufficient, paper drills are used.

History

The punch was invented in Bonn from the Sauerland Friedrich Soennecken. This patent DRP was posted on November 14, 1886 by the Imperial Patent Office 40065 issued for his invented paper punch for collecting folders, letter folders, and the like. The first separate Handperforator ( "Phoenix" ) was sold in 1901 by the Stuttgart company Leitz, previously had already been invented lent their name to Leitz folder whose original form, however, also came Soennecken from the home. In 1904 Leitz sold the documents for punch authorities before the product was in 1925 extended to the center mark.

Technical

To center the holes the paper is applied to either an adjustable rail or you can use the existing at each punch pointed tips. By the half after it buckles at the side to be punched and then attaches the prongs on the kink, centered to the sheet so that you can punch holes in it now.

The distance between the holes is determined by the perforator. He is, for example in the paper sizes A4 and A5 eight cm, the center is located at 148.5 mm and 105 mm. The holes themselves have a diameter of about 5.5 mm. The distance from the blade edge to the center of the hole is usually between 10 and 15 mm.

For sheets of paper in A4 format, there are punch with two or four holes. For A5 pages Locher be used with two holes. For special purposes, there are other Locher, about the format DIN A5 six holes are arranged in two groups of three. These are used for example in diaries.

To punch a stack of paper 85 sheets ( 80g / m²) with a 2- hole punch system that punches must be pressed with 765daN through the paper. Here occurring friction forces are taken into account. The punch are designed so that a compressive force of the operator, of a maximum 45daN sufficient to punch the specified maximum number of sheets can be pleasant.

There are several Locher models for home use, office and especially flat and space-saving designs on the go.

The steel pins that punch the holes in the paper, is called punches.

In the Baden Baden Justice, a special punch is used with files which pieces can be punched on the left upper side (see Badische Aktenheftung ).

Several punch models

Quadruple punch

Hole punch for particularly thick stack

Massive registry punch the provider Leitz with wooden base

Industry punch with motor drive

International standards and hole systems

ISO 838

The most common standard for hole size and spacing is described in the international standard ISO 838. The holes have a diameter of 6 ± 0.5 mm. The hole centers are separated by 80 ± 0.5 mm and a distance of 12 ± 1 mm from the edge of the paper. The center of the holes lies in the middle of the edge of the paper.

The hole pattern to ISO 838 is suitable for all paper sizes with a minimum height of 100 mm, ie ISO A7 and larger. The width of the hole edge is provided with from 20 to 25 mm.

"888 ", 4 -hole extension of ISO 838

There is an extension of the ISO - hole punch 838, be used in the four holes. The middle two are thereby placed in accordance with ISO 838, two more holes at a distance of 80 mm above and below set so that all holes at a distance of 80 mm. Therefore, this perforation is often referred to as 888. However, it is not officially standardized.

This extension is used partly in ring binders to give the leaves better grip. After the expansion perforated sheets fit in ISO -838 folder. Some ISO -838- Locher have a guiding track with "888 " mark and can thus also be used for this perforation. Initially, the bottom two, then punched on the paper flipped the top two holes.

This perforation is suitable for all paper sizes with a minimum height of 260 mm, ie ISO A4 and larger.

Sweden

In Europe, Sweden is the only country with a different system. There is a four-hole system ( triohålning ) application, consisting of two pairs of holes. The name triohålning ( Triolochung ) comes from the matching trio folder. The inner holes are separated by 70 mm and the outer 21 mm further out. This system was invented in 1889 by the merchant Andreas Tengwall in Helsingborg and patented a year later.

This perforation is suitable for all paper sizes with a minimum height of 146 mm, ie ISO A6 and bigger.

North America

In the United States, Canada, Mexico and the Philippines to use a three-hole system. The holes are separated by 108 mm ( 4.25 inches). In contrast to ISO 838, this perforation is not exactly standardized.

This perforation is suitable for paper with a minimum height of 240 mm, ie, letter-size and larger.

There is also a two-hole system, the holes 70 mm (2.75 inches) apart.

Confetti

Confetti is the waste product that is produced when punching paper. For carnivals and similar purposes but it is usually manufactured industrially. However, there are also special hole punch (known Motivlocher ), the confetti in various other geometrical (triangles, stars, ... ) or other shapes ( flowers, butterflies, ...) produce.