Hollywood

Federal State

Hollywood [ hɑ ː liwʊd ] is (English for holly trees ) is a district of Los Angeles in the State of California with 210 824 inhabitants ( 2000 census ). World famous Hollywood as the center of the American film industry, which is why the name is often used as a synonym for the entire industry.

History of Hollywood

1853 was in the field, which today belongs to Hollywood, no longer as an Adobe hut. Around 1870, a thriving rural community had developed in the area in which different plants native and exotic origin were grown. Its inhabitants they called Cahuenga Valley, after the nearby Cahuenga Pass. Today it still remembers the street name Cahuenga Boulevard.

Received its current name Hollywood in 1886 by the family of Whitley. At that time, the immigrant from Oklahoma Harvey J. Whitley began to get involved here as a real estate broker. By 1900 the community had a post office, a newspaper, a hotel, two stores, and 500 inhabitants. On November 14, 1903 Hollywood has been recognized by the affirmative vote of the electorate as an independent municipality. Only seven years later, in 1910, voted as the inhabitants of Hollywood in a referendum of incorporation to Los Angeles. The reason for this was the access to the water supply of the neighboring city. On behalf of the Water Management of Los Angeles was built at the Los Angeles Aqueduct in 1908, which should carry inexpensive drinking water from the Owens Valley from dry Southern California in large quantities. With the help of this water the big city of Los Angeles was able to einzugemeinden a number of neighboring communities. Other communities with their own water supply, such as Burbank are for the same reason today regardless.

The same year, in 1910 visited the film director DW Griffith from New York with his troupe Hollywood to make there filming for the first movie shot there, In Old California. The film premiered on 10 March 1910. Griffith and his staff remained for several months and made ​​a series of films done before returning to New York. The actual rise of Hollywood began in the following year, when David Horsley's Nestor Company opened here the first film studio. In the same year settled 15 more, Independents ( Independents) mentioned company from New York, then the center of the film industry to Hollywood on. Among the pioneers of the first hour was also Carl Laemmle in Laupheim in Württemberg, founder of the Independent Moving Pictures Company. In the following years more and more movie studios moved to Hollywood and some surrounding areas (eg Burbank ) in order to escape the prevailing in New York monopoly of the Motion Picture Patents Company ( MPPC ). Around 1915, the majority of American films has already been produced in the region of Los Angeles.

There were many reasons for this move. In addition to economic, it was the more suitable climate and the more uniform length of day (at this time we still had no adequate artificial light, so you turned either outdoors or in a studio with glass roof or the like ). A decisive factor was undoubtedly the great distance to New York, from where the mighty MPPC all companies you are not connected threatened with heavy fines and license fees.

In the 20s Hollywood had become the world capital of the film industry. This began to celebrate an increasing extent by ostentatious or exotic movie palaces, such as the Grauman's Chinese Theatre and the Egyptian at this time.

For the film industry, television and the music industry were added after the Second World War: On January 22, 1947 KTLA, the first TV of the city began with the transmit mode. In 1952, CBS Television City opened at the intersection of Beverly Boulevard and Fairfax Avenue which, at that time one of the largest television studios. Even today, television programs are produced as eg Dancing with the Stars or The Late Night Show in the erected by the architects Pereira & Luckman buildings.

The modern architectural sights of Hollywood came a few years later planned by Welton Becket Capitol Records Building (1956 ) in the Vine Street added: The building has significant similarity with a stack of 45 records with a needle on the top, so that every passer-by for the use as the headquarters of the record label Capitol Records is recognizable.

After the architectural richness of Hollywood for decades was threatened by neglect and demolition, the structures obtained are paying increasingly more since the 80s. For example, the Hollywood Boulevard since 1985, has an entry in the National Register of Historic Places. Same time, many areas are in Hollywood, especially around the Hollywood Boulevard, increasingly gentrified. Also contributed to the Red Line, opened in 1999 at, a subway line of the Metro Los Angeles, which has since the central business district of Hollywood with Downtown Los Angeles connects.

In 2002, tried citizens from Hollywood and the San Fernando Valley to enforce the independence of Los Angeles in a referendum. However, both desire missed out any required number of votes by far.

Since the completion of the Red Line subway in the Metro Los Angeles from Union Station via Downtown to North Hollywood the quarter by U.S. standards is above average well-connected to public passenger transport. As a result, the City Planning decided on Sunset Boulevard, Hollywood Boulevard and Vine Street to provide a highly dense development with skyscrapers and so take advantage of the transportation of the subway. By 2030 an increase in the population of 25% compared to 2010 by the quarter, concentrated in the vicinity of metro stations planned. The plans are controversial because they would change the character of Hollywood.

Hollywood as a film city

In the Hollywood Hills above the town is the famous Hollywood Sign, Large Letters, which were built in 1923 as " Hollywoodland " to advertise the sale of land. As the letters fell more and more, was erected in 1978 by the Hollywood Chamber of Commerce with the support of some prominent the 91st birthday of the city, a new logo.

One of the biggest movie studios in Hollywood currently include Universal Studios and Warner Bros. The story of the "Hollywood cinema" can be divided into several phases, including the Classical period and the New Hollywood by 1967 until 1976.

World-famous attractions in Hollywood certainly heard the famous Walk of Fame. On the walkway over 2,500 plates with stars for stars are embedded, which are divided into five categories, each with a corresponding icon. With the stars living as well as deceased celebrities are honored to have played an important role especially in the American entertainment industry, or even play. In addition, but also reminiscent of fictitious persons or in certain cases to organizations and agencies such as the LAPD (Los Angeles Police Department ).

District boundaries

The city councils Goldberg and Koretz submitted on 16 February 2005 against a bill which defined the boundaries for the area Hollywood. After the unanimous support of the Chamber of Commerce and the LA City Council the draft of Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger on August 28, 2006, approved as Assembly Bill 588, and since Hollywood has official district boundaries.

The planning area includes Hollywood now officially the area east of Beverly Hills and West Hollywood and south of Burbank. From the rest of the city of LA, it is deferred (clockwise) by Crescent Drive, Wonderland Avenue, Lookout Mountain Avenue, Laurel Canyon Boulevard, Mulholland Drive, Cahuenga Boulevard, Barham Boulevard, Golden State Freeway, Glendale Boulevard, Rowena Avenue, Hyperion Avenue, Fountain Avenue, Sunset Boulevard, Santa Monica Boulevard, Hoover Street, Melrose Avenue, June Street and Rosewood Avenue.

In the project mapping LA Los Angeles Times, the boundaries are significantly narrower, as for example, Hollywood Hills, Los Feliz and Griffith Park are counted as separate parts of the city.

396751
de