Hope (British Columbia)
Hope is a small town with almost 6,000 inhabitants in the Province of British Columbia, who called on the border between the known as the Lower Mainland and the coastal area as a plateau, dry hinterland is. It lies at the confluence of the Fraser and Coquihalla River, at the end of a bottleneck, the Fraser Canyon, which starts at Lytton. Here downriver begins designated as Lower Mainland region that extends to the coast to Vancouver.
History
Early History
The region was (7500-6000 BC) visited by people already in the Milliken - phase. The region is the boundary between the cultural regions of the coastal population and the Plateau residents. In particular, the Sto: Lo attracted upstream, beginning in the fish-rich fishing grounds especially salmon.
Fur trade and gold rush
Simon Fraser came as early as 1808 over the Fraser in the area of today's Hope, but in 1848 the difficult walk Hope Trail was opened. With the Fraser Canyon Gold Rush began in 1858 a mass immigration, especially by men from California. In the same year a more difficult path of Bellingham Bay was built in 1859 Governor James Douglas had a path built in the north -lying areas, to bring the miners there. The men came here to continue to migrate northwards, in the Cariboo region. Most came by boat up the Fraser River. From Yale called the Cariboo Wagon Road began. The wagon trail led over Barkerville, Lytton, Ashcroft and Quesnel, then on to Williams Creek. 1860 opened Edgar Dewdney and Walter Moberly the Dewdney Trail from Hope to Similkameen (now here runs Highway 3).
Transport links
Nevertheless, the gold rush largely went to Hope over, just as the railway from 1880 to 1888. These Canadian Pacific Railway crossed across Canada, but it was of particular benefit to Yale. Only 1889 were built in Hope, although the railway caused a large demand for wood, the first sawmill. It was not until 1911-18 did the Kettle Valley Railway with five elaborate tunnels and several bridges, the Quintette Tunnels through the Coquihalla Canyon. How risky was this route structures, 1913 showed the construction of the Great Northern Railway on the east side of the Fraser Canyon. At Hell's Gate ( Hell's Gate ), a landslide destroyed the entire structure. Only since the 1950s, there is a safe road. Nevertheless spanned from 1914 Kettle Valley Railway Bridge the Fraser at Hope, where the Great Northern Railway in 1916 was finishing a train station. 1929, the settlement was only explained to the village ( Village ), which, however, came in 1942 through a huge forest fire danger. That same year, Japanese were interned at the nearby Sunshine Valley, because they were after the attack on Pearl Harbor as war opponents.
After the Second World War, the Canadian railways fell into one of today's continuing crisis, which also includes the Kettle Valley Railway Line was destroyed in 1959; it was closed. In 1965, when Hope was to the city, is also the largest landslide ( landslide ) in the recorded history of British Columbia, known as " Hope Slide" occurred. Highway 3 had to be closed. But in the same year the Trans-Canada Highway ( Highway 1 ) 1978, the Coquihalla Highway (Highway 5) was completed, begun. However, it is often closed today due to heavy snowfall or due to landslides.
With the establishment of the Skagit Valley Recreation Area began in 1972 nature tourism. He was succeeded in 1984, already much clearer with an ecological focus, the Alexandra Bridge Provincial Park. In 1992, out of the city the District of Hope.
About 5 kilometers west of the village there is the airfield (IATA: YHE, ICAO: CYHE ). The airport has only one paved runway and runway of 1,207 meters in length.
Demography
The census in 2011 showed a population of 5,969 inhabitants of the small town. The population has decreased while compared to the census of 2006 at 3.5%, while the population in British Columbia grew simultaneously by 7%.
Economy
The average income of employees in Hope in 2006 was at C $ 21,305, while it was in the province of British Columbia 24 867 C $.
Current Situation
After a long period of sluggish growth, it happened on March 4, 1929 for the establishment of the political community ( Village Municipality ) and the associated granting of local autonomy.
As in many places in British Columbia also takes in Hope tourism steadily increasing. Besides the natural beauty, the most readily apparent to hikers, rafters, kayakers (eg the Coquihalla Canyon Provincial Park), the town itself has its history Represents the applies to the Hope Museum, but also the Historic Christ Church Anglican of, 1861. Besides the Hope Arts Gallery and the Japanese Friendship Garden in Memorial Park as well as 20 large wooden statues are considered attractions. Hope is probably one of the few places in the chainsaw carving is in use ( chainsaw carving ).
Trivia
The film Rambo ( First Blood, 1982) with Sylvester Stallone was filmed in and around Hope.