Horšovský Týn

Horšovský Tyn ( German Bischofteinitz ) is a city in western Bohemia in the Czech Republic Okres Domažlice with nearly 5,000 inhabitants. It is situated in 376 m asl at the Radbuza.

History

From the middle of the 13th century was built on the right bank of Radbuza in the settlement area of West Slavic Choden a trading settlement, which was owned by the archbishops of Prague. Across from her, Archbishop Jan of DRAZIC a castle in the Gothic style built, in addition to his successor Tobias of Bechyně 1286-1296, another settlement of settlers left invest in serfdom. These formed together with the original settlement, which today Velké předměstí ( Large suburban ) is, the later city Bischofteinitz. In the years 1422 and 1431 to defend the city, remained Roman Catholic, under the leadership of Viscount Zdenko Drštka called Kolwin of Ronsperg, with success against an army group of Hussites Andreas Prokop the Great. When relief in 1422 the besieged city of Count Palatine Johann von Pfalz- Neumarkt was critical to help.

From 1539 to 1620 the government and the city Bischofteinitz were members of the Men of Lobkowicz Hassenstein in serfdom. After the Thirty Years War of the large estates went to the Earl Trauttmansdorff, the castle remained in their possession until the expropriation in 1945. During the 17th and 18th century the then bilingual city was almost entirely German-speaking gradually through far-reaching trade relations from Prague to Regensburg. Bischofteinitz was the capital of the eponymous district Bischofteinitz in the Kingdom of Bohemia in the monarchy of Austria - Hungary.

From the late 19th century and especially after the founding of Czechoslovakia in 1918 again began a migration of Czechs. 1930, 2,119 of the total 2,663 inhabitants German. Bischofteinitz was from 1938 to 1945 part of the Reichsgau Sudetenland, the district was the district Bischofteinitz of Germany 1933-1945. Residents of the Jewish faith were persecuted, dispossessed, deported to collective warehouses or fled abroad.

After the Second World War, the German population of Bischofteinitz was expropriated in 1945 due to the Beneš decrees, came during the expulsion of the Germans from Czechoslovakia as displaced persons, mostly to Bavaria and formed in Furth im Wald the home county Bischofteinitz eV The city was taken from Czech-speaking settlers in possession. From the castle in Horšovský Tyn, which was rebuilt in 1547 by Agostino Galli in the Renaissance style, remained of the original Gothic castle mighty foundations, deep vaults, the Palas, portals, and magnificent vaulted halls receive. The town also has two Gothic churches and the former Capuchin monastery have survived the ages.

Population

The city Bischofteinitz had on December 1, 1930 3,117 inhabitants, on 17 May 1939 were 2,995 and 2,393 residents on May 22, 1947.

Community structure

The city Horšovský Tyn is divided into the districts of Borovice ( Worowitz ), Dolni Metelsko (sub Medelzen ) Hašov ( Haschowa ), Horni Metelsko (Upper Medelzen ) Horšov ( Horschau ) Kocourov ( Kotzoura ), Lazce ( Hlas ), Malé Předměstí, Město, Nová Ves ( Neudorf ), Oplotec ( Amplatz ), Plzeňské Předměstí, Podhájí ( Podhaj ) Podraznice ( Podrasnitz ) Semošice ( Semeschitz ) Svatá Anna ( St. Anne ), Svinná ( Zwingau ) Tasnovice ( Taschlowitz ) Valdorf (forest village), Velké Předměstí and Věvrov ( Webrowa ).

Sons and daughters of the town

• Felix Kadlinský (1613-1675), writer and translator, a member of the Jesuit
• Johannes Matthias Alexander Ecker (1766-1829), Surgeon
• Joseph Johann von Littrow (1781-1840), Astronomer
• Egon Weissbach (1897-1966), painter
• Peter Kneißl ( b. 1938 ), historian

Pictures

Horšovský Tyn Church at the City Market (2013 )

Horšovský Tyn houses on the market square (2013 )