Hristo Botev
Hristo Botev, born as Christo Botjow Petkov ( Bulgarian Христо Ботев / Христо Ботйов Петков; born December 25 1847jul / January 6 1848greg in Kalofer, .. .. † 20 Maijul / June 1 1876greg in Vratsa ) was a Bulgarian poet, revolutionary, and one of the leaders of the april Uprising. Hristo Botev is one of the national poet of Bulgaria.
Life
Youth and Education
Hristo Botev was born in 1848 in the Balkan Mountains located in the town of Kalofer. He is the son of the teacher Botjo Petkov and Ivanka Botewa. Between 1854 and 1858 Hristo Botev lived with his father in Karlovo, where his father worked as a teacher. There he began his education, which he finished after returning to his family in 1863 at the school in class Kalofer.
In October 1863 he enrolled in the Second High School of Odessa as a fellow of Najden - Gerow foundation launched. There he learned the Russian literature, and became influenced by the writers Nikolai Chernyshevsky, Nikolai Dobroliubov and Alexander Herzen. To this period belong his first poet attempts and his contacts with the Russian bourgeois- democratic movement. In 1865, he was expelled for " lack of interest " from high school, however, wrote in the same year opened New Russian University in Odessa. Between October and December 1866, he worked as a teacher of the Bulgarian school in the Bessarabian village Sadunaewka.
Due to an illness of his father Botev returned to his hometown Kalofer in January 1867. On 15 January of the same year, the first poem of Botev was published in the newspaper published by Petko Slaveikov Gajda, the poem Majze si ( Bulg Майце си ).
Armed struggle
Since 1869, Botev was among the upper echelons of the Bulgarian Revolutionary Central Committee (short BRZK ), or his revolutionary-democratic wing.
With a group of about 200 companions Botev kidnapped the Austrian Danube steamer Radetzki to Bulgaria in order to contribute to the fight against the Ottoman Empire. His goal was to participate in the general uprising of the Bulgarian population ( April Uprising ), but this was put down before his arrival by the Ottoman troops. Hristo Botev fell soon after his arrival, in so far unexplained circumstances, hit by a bullet. Medium term, led the April uprising to engage Russia and the independence of Bulgaria.
Revolutionary theory and ideas
Botev was influenced by the ideas of Russian revolutionaries and the Paris Commune. In the struggle for a free Bulgaria, he supported the revolutionary theory of Vasil Levski, which provided for an organized and centrally controlled uprising of all living in the Ottoman Empire Bulgarians. Also, the future of Bulgaria, he was also positive as Levski ago as a democratic republic.
Works
His literary work composed in the main of a series of poems.
- Hadji Dimitar, which deals with the life of Hadji Dimitar Hajduks.
- Black a cloud
- As a farewell
- Heiduken
- In the tavern
- My prayer
- At my mother
- St. George's Day
- At my brother
- Elegy
- The Hanging of Vasil Levski ( was his last poem )
Memory
Today, many public institutions, streets and places bear his name, including the city Botevgrad, the highest peak of the Balkan Mountains, the asteroid 225 238 Hristo Botev, several football clubs including Botev Plovdiv and Botev Vratsa, and the second program of the Bulgarian National Radio. These wear a cape and a peak on Livingston Island in West Antarctica his name. Botev was elected in Welikite Balgari the ten largest Bulgarian history in 2007.
On June 2, is in all of Bulgaria by switching on the air sirens at 12:00 noon and a minute of silence, the life and works of Mount Botev honored.