Hryhorii Skovoroda

Hryhorij Sawytsch Skovoroda, or Grigory Sawwitsch Skovoroda ( Old Russian Григорій Саввичъ Сковорода / Grigory Savvič Skovoroda, Ukrainian Григорій Савич Сковорода / Hryhorij Savyč Skovoroda, Russian Григорий Саввич Сковорода / Grigory Savvič Skovoroda; * 22 Novemberjul / December 3 1722greg in Tschornuchy. . government of Kiev, Russian Empire; † 29 Oktoberjul / November 9 1794greg in Iwanowka in Kharkov, Russian Empire, .. Skoworodyniwka today, Ukraine ) was an important Russian and ostukrainischer philosopher, poet and fabulist and singer. They called him "the first original philosopher of soot" and "wandering philosopher " because he spent the last decades of his life as an itinerant traveling pilgrims and teachers. Skovoroda used pseudonyms: " Daniil Mejngardt " and " Grigory Warßawwa " (ie Grigory Sawwas son). Skovoroda 's great-grandfather of Vladimir Sergeyevich Solovyov.

Life

Skovoroda was born in 1722 in the left-bank Hetmanat in a family of Cossack Savva and his wife Pelagia. After visiting the village school, he joined the Mohyla Academy in Kiev one - then one of the most prestigious universities in the country, which mediated both sacred and secular education. He studied at the Academy in the periods 1734-1741, 1744-1745 and 1751-1753 sent in the years 1741-1744 Gavrila Skovoroda Matveyev, who had a good voice, Petersburg as a singer in the Hofchor the Saint Tsar's court. ; he was doing an eyewitness to the enthronement ceremony of Empress Elizabeth. Skovoroda visited in St. Petersburg and Moscow, his Uncle Ignat Poltawzow. Poltawzow was an influential dignitaries in the Russian Empire and Kammerfurier of Empress Elizabeth. It is possible that Ignatius Poltawzow Skovoroda instruktierte as a singer in Hofchor in Saint Petersburg.

In the years around 1745 to 1750 Skovoroda traveled as a companion diplomatic missions in Hungary, Austria, Slovakia and completed his studies in Munich and Breslau to the subjects Education, Classics and Philosophy. During his time as a teacher at Perejaslawer College in 1753, where he taught poetry, he also wrote his first work: meditation on the poetry and art instruction for the same ( Рассуждение о поэзии и руководство к искусству оной ). In it he developed alongside more modern ideas on the interpretation of poetry and new methods to individualize the education of children, with the aim to promote and educate the natural talents of the students. His work led to the deterioration of relations with his episcopal employers and dismissal from the College. In 1755 Skovoroda was in Moscow and remained in the Trinity Monastery of St. Sergius Monastery at Resident Kirill. Then Skovoroda worked until 1759 as a private tutor in the family of the landowner Tomara in Kowrai. He had his last employment from 1759 to 1766 at the Kharkov College, where he found himself suspended because of his ethics courses attacks.

In these and the following years Skovoroda decided for a life of wandering as a pilgrim. He traveled to Moscow and walk through the whole Sloboda Ukraine. Enter a bid in the Kiev Pechersk Lavra ( Pecherskaya Lavra ) as a monk, he declined on a trip in 1764 and remained as an itinerant philosopher traveling in his life. Most of his works were written in this period, including The Garden of Divine Songs ( Сад божественних песней ) and entrance door to Christian modesty ( Начальная дверь ко християнскому добронравию ). In 1776 Skovoroda wrote in his famous book Voronezh Silenus Alcibiadis ( Икона Алкивиадская ), which he dedicated to his friend Stepan Ivanovich Tewjaschow.

Skoworodas philosophy was influenced by Neo-Platonists, the stoicism and mysticism; he mainly dealt with biblical themes, but remained independent of individual denominations or faiths. In addition to his philosophical works he played several instruments and composed music pieces. In 1781 Skovoroda visited in Taganrog Grigory Kowalinskij.

In the last year of life ( 1794) Skovoroda was in Orel and Kursk. He died in Pan - Iwanowka in Kowalewski homestead; be drafted by his own grave saying was: The world was chasing me, but could never catch me. ( Мир ловил меня, но не поймал. )

Quotes

"Dear God, hallowed be your name to be in the thoughts and intents of your slave, who has set out to do and wished Socrates in Russia, but the Russian land much further than the Greek, and it will not be so easy for him, the all Russia quickly with his sermon to include "