Hubble Deep Field South

The Hubble Deep Field South (HDF -S) is a collection of several hundred images taken by the Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 ( WFPC2 ) of the Hubble Space Telescope over a period of 10 days in September and October were recorded in 1998. It was like the original Hubble Deep Field created to study extremely distant galaxies in the early stages of their evolution. While the WFPC2 recorded very deep optical images, lying next to it regions were recorded simultaneously from the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph ( STIS ) and the Near Infrared Camera and Multi- Object Spectrometer ( NICMOS ).

Planning

One goal behind a new Deep Field image was to give observatories in the southern hemisphere a similar deep optical image, as was done in the northern hemisphere. Just like in the original Hubble Deep Field (named from then on as HDF -N ) is the target area outside the galactic plane of the Milky Way, as this would have compromised with a lot of bright foreground stars eclipsing matter and recording. It is the permanent monitoring area of the space telescope (Continuous Viewing Zone, CVZ ), which is not affected by the earth and moon. They decided on a region in the constellation of right ascension 22h 32m toucan with 56s, 22, and declination -60 ° 33 '2 ", 69

This area was in 1997 briefly mentioned to set guide star. These are necessary so that the Hubble Space Telescope can fix the region during the observation exactly.

Observation

HDF -S was observed in the same manner as HDF -N. The same optical filters for the WFPC2 used (centered at the wavelengths 300, 450, 606 and 814 nanometers) and the observation period was also similar in length. Just like the HDF -N, the images were processed using a technique called ' drizzling ', in which the telescope changes its direction by a very small angle between the observations. The image was then compounded by complicated techniques and reaches a higher resolution than it would have been possible by only a recording. The HDF -S has a resolution of 0.0398 arcseconds.

Content of the final image

According to the cosmological principle, the universe is homogeneous and isotropic at large distances, so it looks in all directions equally. Accordingly, it was expected that the HDF the HDF S -N is very similar, and this is also the case in fact. One can see a large number of visible galaxies that have similar colors and shape as in the HDF -N.

One difference was that the HDF - S contains a known quasar with a redshift of 2.24. This would observe, to examine the same galaxies and quasars in a similar distance to the Earth.

Results

As the HDF -N gave the HDF -S cosmologists lot of material. Many studies of the HDF -S confirmed the similarities with the HDF -N, such as the star formation rate in the course of evolution of the universe. The HDF -S has also been used for many studies that investigated how galaxies evolve, both through its internal process and through meeting other galaxies.