Hugo de Vries

Hugo Marie de Vries ( born February 16, 1848 in Haarlem, † May 21 1935 in Lunteren ) was a Dutch biologist and one of the re-discoverer of the established by Gregor Mendel Mendel's rules. With its 1901 and 1903 published writings on the mutation theory of evolution, he gave new impetus for research. Its official botanical author abbreviation is " de Vries ".

The research focuses on de Vries were in experimental plant physiology and evolutionary research. He dealt with the respiration of plants, with insect -induced gall formation and for many years with osmosis. He laid the foundation for the establishment of the physical chemistry discipline.

Life

Hugo de Vries was born into a prestigious Dutch family. His father Gerrit de Vries was justice minister under William III. ; his mother Mary Ereardina was the daughter of Caspar Jacob Christiaan Reuvens, the first professor of archeology at the University of Leiden.

Hugo de Vries showed very early a great passion for botany, so that he in 1866 had a complete herbarium of the Dutch flora started studying biology. The University of Leiden where he studied was geared more at this time on plant morphology, while de Vries became interested at this time for physiological studies plants. To compensate for this deficit, he built in his parents' house a corresponding laboratory. His PhD on the influence of temperature on the life phenomena of plants, from which he graduated in 1870, had physiological studies on the topic.

Concurred with his promotion a short postgraduate course in Heidelberg at the botanist Wilhelm Hofmeister and Julius Sachs, the founder of experimental plant physiology, to. After he even four years in Amsterdam taught natural history, gave him Sachs in 1875 a two-year fellowship in Würzburg, during which time he conducted research among other things, the osmosis in plant cells. His research about the mechanical causes of cell elongation was recognized as a post-doctoral thesis. After he taught briefly as a lecturer in plant physiology at the University of Amsterdam, he was appointed there in 1878 to associate professor of plant physiology. From 1885 to 1918 he was director of the Botanical Garden of Amsterdam.

Awards

In 1902 he was Socio Straniero the Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei in Rome. In 1905 he was elected as a Foreign Member of the Royal Society, in 1906, the Darwin Medal awarded him. In 1929 he was awarded the Linnean Medal.