Hugo Schuchardt
Hugo Ernst Mario Schuchardt ( born February 4, 1842 in Gotha, † April 21, 1927 in Graz ) was a German linguist.
Life
Hugo Schuchardt first studied in Jena ( member of the Corps Thuringia Jena) in August Schleicher and since 1861 in Bonn ( member of the Corps Hansea ) at Friedrich Diez classic and Romance Philology and received his PhD in 1864 with the dissertation " De sermonis Romani plebei vocalibus " which he 1866-1868 under the German title " the vowels of vulgar Latin " published. After a few years in the French-speaking Switzerland and in Italy he habilitated in 1870 at the University of Leipzig with the paper "On some cases related sound change in Churwälschen " and the trial lecture "On the classification of the Romance dialects " (printed in 1900). In 1873 he received a professorship in Halle ( Saale), but was already in 1876 as Professor of Romance according to Graz University of Graz, where he worked until his retirement in 1900. It dealt not only with the Romance languages , but devoted himself among others the Basque and the creoles. In 1885 he was honored for Slavo - German and Slav - Italian the Prix Volney.
His estate is located at the University Library of Graz. In 1956 in Vienna Floridsdorf ( 21st district ) was named the Schuchardtstraße after him.
Work
Schuchardt's works are initially in the tradition of comparative Romance languages , which was founded by Friedrich Diez in Bonn, however, Schuchardt used quite early against the exclusive application developed by the neogrammarians sound laws. With his work on the vocalism of the Vulgar Latin (Leipzig 1866-68 ), he lays the foundation for the study of proto- Romance languages by the application of the developed by his teacher, August Schleicher voice genealogy. For Schuchardt the word history is the focus of historical linguistics, the decisive factor is the " study of the reasons why the concepts and thoughts change their form of expression " ( Schuchardt Breviary 1920, p 156). Through this conception of language change Schuchardt had significant influence on the development of language and geography structuralist linguistics after Saussure. He is also regarded as the founder of Kreolistik.
Awards
Writings (selection )
- The vowels of Vulgar Latin, part 1-3 (1866-1868)
- Creole studies Part 1-9 (1882-1891)
- About the sound laws. Against the neo-grammarians (1885 ) ( digitized and full text in German Text Archive )
- Romance etymologies Part 1-2 (1898-1899)
- The Iberian declination (1907 )
- Origin of language Part 1-3 (1919-1920)
- Hugo Schuchardt Breviary: a Vademecum of general linguistics; Festschrift: a Festschrift for the 80th birthday of the master compiled and introduced v. Leo Spitzer ( 1922)