Hyacinthus orientalis

Garden hyacinth ( Hyacinthus orientalis)

The garden hyacinth ( Hyacinthus orientalis ) is a plant of the genus Hyacinth ( Hyacinthus ) in the family of asparagus plants ( Asparagaceae ). Two subspecies are described, Hyacinthus orientalis subsp. orientalis and Hyacinthus orientalis subsp. chionophilus Wendelbo.

Features

The garden hyacinth is a perennial bulbous plant, which reaches stature heights of 15 to 40 centimeters. In the wild-type (4) are 6 to 8 sheets available with a width of 0.4 to 1.5 inches, with varieties they are 1-3 ( 4) inches wide. The leaves are erect, rinnig and have a hooded top. The flowers of the wild form are violet-blue, rarely white. The Perigonzipfel of Hyacinthus orientalis subsp. orientalis is 1/2 to 4/5 the length of the tube in Hyacinth orientalis subsp. chionophilus they are as long as the tube.

It blooms in April, sometimes even in May.

Occurrence

The subspecies Hyacinthus orientalis subsp. orientalis is native to southern Turkey and west of Syria and was naturalized in Southern France, Italy and the southern Balkans. It grows on Kalkfelshängen and in thickets at altitudes 400-1600 m. Hyacinthus orientalis subsp. chionophilus comes in the south-central Turkey and western Syria on Kalkhängen, gravel and rocks, often in melting snow, at altitudes 1600-2500 meters.

Use

The garden Hyacinth is widely used as an ornamental plant in borders, bowls and used in the forcing. In the perfume industry in southern France, it was used for perfume extraction, to phenylacetaldehydes were used. In the Orient it is since ancient times in Central Europe since about 1560 in culture. There are over 100 known varieties. These have 20-40 flowers whose color spectrum pale to dark violet blue, pale to dark pink, red, light to dark yellow, orange, salmon and white covers. The flowers can also be filled.

Documents

• Eckhart J. Hunter, Friedrich Ebel, Peter Hanelt, Gerd Müller, K. (ed.): Rothmaler Exkursionsflora of Germany. Volume 5: Herbaceous ornamental and useful plants. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg 2008, ISBN 978-3-8274-0918-8.