Hydrophiloidea

Great water beetle ( Hydrous piceus )

The Hydro Philo Idea are a superfamily of Polyphaga within the beetles ( Coleoptera). They are present worldwide and comprise four families with about 475 genera and 6600 species.

Features

The types of Histeridae are 1-25 mm long, those of the other three families 1-50 millimeters. The subfamily is defined by the following autapomorphies of imagos: vestigial spiracles on the eighth abdominal segment, the lateral sclerites of the ninth Tergums are fused in the male dorsal and thereby form the front, a narrow bridge, the eighth antennal segment is bell-shaped, the sensor at the top have a tripartite lobe and with the exception of some water beetles are formed on the mandibles tubular glands.

The autapomorphies of the larvae are: their predatory lifestyle, the head, the mouthparts are clearly directed forward ( prognathous or hyperprognath ), the fringed Epistomallappen the sides of the head, the lack Frontoclypealnaht, the lack of molting suture ( Ecdysialnaht ) in the third larval stage, the back formed Mola of mandibles, the one with the head capsule deformed labrum, the tuft of hair trained with the exception of some water beetles ( Penicillus ) to the mandibles, the sensory hairs on the outer edge of the penultimate sensor element, the lacinia not trained and Galea, the elongated probe -like modified maxilla, the inside near the top a bent appendage having first member of the palps ( Palpifer ), the springing of the central part of the head capsule branches of the tentorium, which arise only at the subfamilies Spercheinae and hydro Chinae on the front part, the doppelporigen stigmata and the strong membranous abdomen. The doll has non-functional spiracles on the first abdominal segment.

Way of life

Taxonomy and systematics

The Hydro Philo Idea are a taxonomically well-defined and established group. While there are authors who. Stutz the beetle in its own superfamily, the Histeroidea spots, but this is not justified on the basis of morphological and biological similarities of the four families The monophyly of the superfamily is well justified by the numerous autapomorphies of the adult bees and larvae. In a phylogenetic study of Hansen ( 1997), a sister relationship between the hydro Philo Idea and the Scarabaeoidea revealed; However, that relationship is not yet fully understood. Kristensen & Totes (2005) follow the view of Lawrence & Newton (1982 ), after which the hydro Philo Idea are a sister group of the Staphylinoidea and together form the partial order of Staphyliniformia.

The superfamily includes the following families:

  • Water beetles or water beetle ( Hydrophilidae ) ( about 2800 species)
  • Note Stutz beetle ( Sphaeritidae ) ( 3 types)
  • Synteliidae ( 9 species )
  • Stutz beetle ( Histeridae ) ( about 3800 species)

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