Hylidae

Red-eyed tree frog ( Agalychnis callidryas)

  • Hylinae
  • Pelodryadinae
  • Phyllomedusinae

The tree frogs ( Hylidae ) family consists of mostly climbing anurans ( Anura ), whose species are distributed worldwide. The greatest variety can be reached in the New World. There are around 890 known species, making it is one of the richest families in the class of amphibians.

Characteristics, behavior

There is a great abundance of forms; to identify common characteristics is not easy (for bone compare: Neobatrachia ). Tree frogs in a broader sense usually have a smooth skin, pretty long jumping legs and live mainly on shrubs, trees and other plants. Thanks to its characteristic adhesive discs on the finger and toe ends they can climb excellent. This behavior is also supported by an intermediate cartilage from the end members of the fingers, allowing them grasping movements.

Search for spawning most species at night small pond or other water retention, and often use very small Eiklumpen into the water; but there are also different forms of spawning on leaves ( for example, see maki frogs, Agalychnis callidryas) and brood care. The males do not often have a large throat permanent vocal sac, with which they produce loud mating calls. When Amplexus they cling females directly behind the front legs.

Dissemination

Especially many members of this family inhabit the tropical rain forests in the world, especially in Latin America. Specifically come tree frogs in North and South America, Caribbean, Australia and New Guinea, with a few species in the temperate zones of Eurasia ( from Europe to the Japanese Archipelago) and with only one species, the Mediterranean Tree Frog, on the north western edge of Africa before. ( In most parts of Africa, the family is absent, and instead find here, among other things, the very similar -looking rowing frogs and reed frogs. ) On Pacific islands such as New Caledonia, Vanuatu, Guam and New Zealand on individual tree frog species have been introduced by man.

Taxonomy

The systematic compilation of the family of tree frogs is controversial. Depending on whether molecular or morphological comparison features in the foreground, strongly divergent overviews are proposed by different authors. The most comprehensive review of the recent years resulted in an abundance of rearrangements and Neubenennungen. Among other things, the former subfamily Hemiphractinae were completely outsourced and is now treated as a separate family Hemiphractidae, and new genera were established and reassigned species within the genera. So remained in the formerly extensive with over 300 species genus Hyla, who is also the only Central European representative of the family, the European tree frog, only about 35 species left. The overview presented here does not finally "finished " Nomenclature of Hylidae family dar.

( Processing status: July 2009)

Subfamily: Hylinae Rafinesque, 1815

  • " Hyla " antoniiochoai De la Riva & Chaparro, 2005
  • " Hyla " helenae Ruthven, 1919
  • " Hyla " inframaculata Boulenger, 1882
  • " Hyla " warreni Duellman & Hoogmoed, 1992
  • Genus Acris Duméril & Bibron, 1841
  • Genus Anotheca Smith, 1939 - Crown Frog
  • Genus Aparasphenodon Miranda - Ribeiro, 1920
  • Genus Aplastodiscus Lutz, 1950
  • Genus Bokermannohyla Faivovich, Haddad, Garcia, Frost, Campbell & Wheeler, 2005
  • Genus Bromeliohyla Faivovich, Haddad, Garcia, Frost, Campbell & Wheeler, 2005
  • Genus Charadrahyla Faivovich, Haddad, Garcia, Frost, Campbell & Wheeler, 2005
  • Genus Corythomantis Boulenger, 1896
  • Genus Dendropsophus Fitzinger, 1843 Dendropsophus Leucophyllatus ( Beireis, 1783)

Subfamily: Pelodryadinae Günther, 1858

  • Genus Cyclorana Steindachner, 1867
  • Genus Litoria Tschudi, 1838 - Australian tree frogs (eg coral finger)
  • Genus Nyctimystes Stejneger, 1916

Subfamily: Phyllomedusinae Günther, 1858 - Cross frogs

  • Genus Agalychnis Cope, 1864 - Red-eyed tree frogs (eg: Agalychnis callidryas)
  • Genus Cruziohyla Faivovich, Haddad, Garcia, Frost, Campbell & Wheeler, 2005
  • Genus Hylomantis Peters, 1873
  • Genus Pachymedusa Duellman, 1968
  • Genus Phasmahyla Cruz, 1991
  • Genus Phrynomedusa Miranda - Ribeiro, 1923
  • Genus Phyllomedusa Wagler, 1830 - maki frogs

Swell

References, notes

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